Gd3+-Doped NaYF4:Yb,Er Upconversion Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Luminescence Enhancement, and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications
- 1School of Materials and Energy, Electron Microscopy Centre of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- 2Key Laboratory of Sensor and Sensing Technology of Gansu Province, Institute of Sensing Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Abstract
Precise control over the optical properties of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials is of fundamental importance for their wide-ranging applications. In this study, Gd3+-doped nanoparticles with enhanced upconversion luminescence were prepared. The influence of Gd3+ doping on luminescence was systematically investigated. This method significantly improves the uniformity of particle size and enhances the luminescence intensity of NaYF4:Yb/Er nanoparticles. Doping with Gd3+ replaces Y3+ ions and induces local lattice distortion, which modifies the crystal field symmetry around the rare-earth ions, increases their transition probability, and thereby directly enhances the luminescence intensity. Additionally, Excitation-power-dependent log–log analysis reveals that Gd3+ incorporation modifies the effective photon numbers of the upconversion channels. Importantly, this material enables the generation of high-resolution anti-counterfeiting patterns through inkjet printing. The proposed method to enhance upconversion emission is meaningful for designing novel luminescent materials and expanding their optical applications.
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BibTeX
@article{liu2026gd3doped,
title = {{Gd3+-Doped NaYF4:Yb,Er Upconversion Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Luminescence Enhancement, and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications}},
author = {Yidan Liu and Jiazhan Chang and Shibiao Xie and Mingsu Si and Xianwei Zuo and Bin Liu and Xiaoping Gao and Xin Li and Zijie Wu},
journal = {Nanomaterials},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/nano16201320},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/20/1320},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Gd3+-Doped NaYF4:Yb,Er Upconversion Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Luminescence Enhancement, and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications
AU - Yidan Liu
AU - Jiazhan Chang
AU - Shibiao Xie
AU - Mingsu Si
AU - Xianwei Zuo
AU - Bin Liu
AU - Xiaoping Gao
AU - Xin Li
AU - Zijie Wu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
JO - Nanomaterials
DO - 10.3390/nano16201320
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/20/1320
AB - Precise control over the optical properties of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanomaterials is of fundamental importance for their wide-ranging applications. In this study, Gd3+-doped nanoparticles with enhanced upconversion luminescence were prepared. The influence of Gd3+ doping on luminescence was systematically investigated. This method significantly improves the uniformity of particle size and enhances the luminescence intensity of NaYF4:Yb/Er nanoparticles. Doping with Gd3+ replaces Y3+ ions and induces local lattice distortion, which modifies the crystal field symmetry around the rare-earth ions, increases their transition probability, and thereby directly enhances the luminescence intensity. Additionally, Excitation-power-dependent log–log analysis reveals that Gd3+ incorporation modifies the effective photon numbers of the upconversion channels. Importantly, this material enables the generation of high-resolution anti-counterfeiting patterns through inkjet printing. The proposed method to enhance upconversion emission is meaningful for designing novel luminescent materials and expanding their optical applications.
SN - 2079-4991
ER -