Acute Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Corneal Tomographic and Biometric Parameters: A Prospective Controlled Study.
- 1Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.
- 2Department of Ophthalmology, Efc Surgical Medical Center, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the acute effects of cigarette smoking on corneal tomography and ocular biometry.Methods
This prospective, controlled study included 92 healthy volunteers (46 smokers and 46 non-smokers); only the right eye was analyzed. Baseline ophthalmological examination, corneal tomography and biometry were performed. Participants remained outdoors for 10 minutes under standardized conditions; smokers smoked one cigarette, whereas controls did not. Measurements were then repeated, and within-group changes and between-group differences in change (Δ) were analyzed.Results
Baseline demographic, tomographic, and biometric measurements were similar between groups (all p>0.05). Within the smoking group, significant reductions were observed in corneal thickness at the pupil center, corneal vertex, and thinnest point (p=0.011, p=0.012, and p=0.017, respectively). Within the smoking group, anterior chamber depth also decreased from 3.08±0.44 mm to 2.98±0.52 mm (p=0.034); however, the between-group difference in Δ values was not statistically significant (p=0.068). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in anterior chamber volume, keratometric values, axial length, or emmetropia-targeted intraocular lens power calculated using the Barrett Universal II formula (p>0.05 for all). No significant changes were observed in any of the parameters examined in the control group. In the between-group comparison of Δ values, changes in pupil-center pachymetry and thinnest corneal thickness were significantly different (p=0.002 and p=0.004). Anterior 0-2 mm densitometry decreased in smokers, with a significant between-group difference in Δ (p=0.029).Conclusions
Acute cigarette smoking was associated with measurable alterations in corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and several corneal densitometry parameters. However, these changes did not significantly affect keratometric values, axial length, or intraocular lens power calculations. Recent cigarette smoking may affect anterior segment measurements, and recent cigarette smoking should be considered when interpreting measurements, especially in situations requiring sensitive corneal assessment.
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BibTeX
@article{cakmak2026acute,
title = {{Acute Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Corneal Tomographic and Biometric Parameters: A Prospective Controlled Study.}},
author = {Semih Çakmak and Arzu Karakiraz and Gül Beste Can and Adem Tellioğlu and Nilufer Gözüm},
journal = {Beyoglu eye journal},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.14744/bej.2026.35002},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898733},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Acute Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Corneal Tomographic and Biometric Parameters: A Prospective Controlled Study.
AU - Semih Çakmak
AU - Arzu Karakiraz
AU - Gül Beste Can
AU - Adem Tellioğlu
AU - Nilufer Gözüm
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Beyoglu eye journal
DO - 10.14744/bej.2026.35002
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898733
AB - Objective To evaluate the acute effects of cigarette smoking on corneal tomography and ocular biometry.Methods This prospective, controlled study included 92 healthy volunteers (46 smokers and 46 non-smokers); only the right eye was analyzed. Baseline ophthalmological examination, corneal tomography and biometry were performed. Participants remained outdoors for 10 minutes under standardized conditions; smokers smoked one cigarette, whereas controls did not. Measurements were then repeated, and within-group changes and between-group differences in change (Δ) were analyzed.Results Baseline demographic, tomographic, and biometric measurements were similar between groups (all p>0.05). Within the smoking group, significant reductions were observed in corneal thickness at the pupil center, corneal vertex, and thinnest point (p=0.011, p=0.012, and p=0.017, respectively). Within the smoking group, anterior chamber depth also decreased from 3.08±0.44 mm to 2.98±0.52 mm (p=0.034); however, the between-group difference in Δ values was not statistically significant (p=0.068). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in anterior chamber volume, keratometric values, axial length, or emmetropia-targeted intraocular lens power calculated using the Barrett Universal II formula (p>0.05 for all). No significant changes were observed in any of the parameters examined in the control group. In the between-group comparison of Δ values, changes in pupil-center pachymetry and thinnest corneal thickness were significantly different (p=0.002 and p=0.004). Anterior 0-2 mm densitometry decreased in smokers, with a significant between-group difference in Δ (p=0.029).Conclusions Acute cigarette smoking was associated with measurable alterations in corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and several corneal densitometry parameters. However, these changes did not significantly affect keratometric values, axial length, or intraocular lens power calculations. Recent cigarette smoking may affect anterior segment measurements, and recent cigarette smoking should be considered when interpreting measurements, especially in situations requiring sensitive corneal assessment.
SN - 2459-1777
SN - 2587-0394
ER -