Effect of Substrate Orientation on Energy Storage in NaNbO3-Based Thin Films
- 1Department of Physics, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, China
Abstract
Substrate orientation offers a route to tailoring the dielectric and energy-storage properties of lead-free oxide thin films. In this work, 1.0 mol.% Mn-doped 0.96NaNbO3–0.04CaZrO3 (NNCZ–Mn) thin films were fabricated via a sol–gel method on (100)-, (110)-, and (111)-oriented Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrates and exhibited corresponding preferential out-of-plane orientations. The (111) film combined higher permittivity and lower leakage current with a larger recoverable polarization, yielding the best energy-storage performance among the three orientations. It achieved a recoverable energy density of approximately 23 J/cm3 with an efficiency of 65% at an electric field of 666.67 kV/cm and reached approximately 35 J/cm3 at 970 kV/cm with an efficiency of 48%. Its recoverable energy density also exhibited moderate thermal stability over 23–160 °C, good frequency stability over 400–2000 Hz, and good fatigue resistance after 106 cycles. This study demonstrates the potential of substrate orientation control for improving solution-processed NaNbO3-based thin-film capacitors.
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BibTeX
@article{dong2026effect,
title = {{Effect of Substrate Orientation on Energy Storage in NaNbO3-Based Thin Films}},
author = {Huijuan Dong and Yongmei Xue and Jianwei Liu and Zhihong Liu and Zejun Wang},
journal = {Nanomaterials},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3390/nano16211405},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1405},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Effect of Substrate Orientation on Energy Storage in NaNbO3-Based Thin Films
AU - Huijuan Dong
AU - Yongmei Xue
AU - Jianwei Liu
AU - Zhihong Liu
AU - Zejun Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/01
JO - Nanomaterials
DO - 10.3390/nano16211405
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1405
AB - Substrate orientation offers a route to tailoring the dielectric and energy-storage properties of lead-free oxide thin films. In this work, 1.0 mol.% Mn-doped 0.96NaNbO3–0.04CaZrO3 (NNCZ–Mn) thin films were fabricated via a sol–gel method on (100)-, (110)-, and (111)-oriented Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrates and exhibited corresponding preferential out-of-plane orientations. The (111) film combined higher permittivity and lower leakage current with a larger recoverable polarization, yielding the best energy-storage performance among the three orientations. It achieved a recoverable energy density of approximately 23 J/cm3 with an efficiency of 65% at an electric field of 666.67 kV/cm and reached approximately 35 J/cm3 at 970 kV/cm with an efficiency of 48%. Its recoverable energy density also exhibited moderate thermal stability over 23–160 °C, good frequency stability over 400–2000 Hz, and good fatigue resistance after 106 cycles. This study demonstrates the potential of substrate orientation control for improving solution-processed NaNbO3-based thin-film capacitors.
SN - 2079-4991
ER -