Mass, forces, and the dark sector in a Kaluza-Klein model with 6 compact dimensions
Abstract
(1) Objective: This study seeks to calculate the meson and baryon masses and to investigate the dynamics within hadrons and lepton pairs by formulating a unified physical framework that, in addition to gravitation, simultaneously incorporates the strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions. (2) Method: A framework inspired by the Standard Model and based on Kaluza-Klein theory is formulated using an extended general-relativistic description in a spacetime of one temporal, three spatial, and six compactified dimensions. The model suggests that excitations, deformations of the 10-dimensional spacetime traveling at light-speed, contribute to mass and distinct spin characteristics in a 4-dimensional setting. Using the electron g-factor, charged-lepton masses, and masses of the proton, neutron, and neutral and charged pion, neutral and charged rho, phi, psi, upsilon mesons, the parameters compactification radius rho, weak interaction coupling alpha_w, strong interaction coupling alpha_s, flavor constants A_i and the antineutrino/neutrino density ratio delta3 are determined and used to compute the masses of the hadrons. (3) Key results: Masses of 102 hadrons are obtained; comparison with data from 71 measurements shows relative errors below 0.05 in 70%, below 0.1 in 89% and below 0.2 in 100%, with a correlation coefficient r=0.997 between the measured and calculated masses. Thirty-one additional hadron masses are predicted, and the model identifies asymmetries in electric and weak forces, as well as distance- and velocity-dependent interactions. (4) Implications: The framework offers testable predictions for hadron spectroscopy, predicts sterile, exclusive gravitationally interacting bosons as dark-matter candidates, states the equations for the elementary forces, and suggests possible connections between force asymmetries and dark energy.
Related
- Kalb-Ramond topological term in Majorana superspace and Kaluza-Klein spectrum deformation in five dimensions
- Near Threshold Kaluza-Klein Graviton Decays and the Dark Dimension
- Evidence for Kaluza-Klein excitations of the graviton, gluon and quark at LHC
- Multi-rotating black holes with non-aligned angular momenta in 5D Kaluza-Klein theory
- Gauge-invariant thermodynamic description of rotating black strings in 5D minimal supergravity via Kaluza-Klein reduction
BibTeX
@misc{vieten2026mass,
title = {{Mass, forces, and the dark sector in a Kaluza-Klein model with 6 compact dimensions}},
author = {Manfred M. Vieten},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.23647},
eprint = {2610.23647},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.23647},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Mass, forces, and the dark sector in a Kaluza-Klein model with 6 compact dimensions
AU - Manfred M. Vieten
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.23647
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.23647
AB - (1) Objective: This study seeks to calculate the meson and baryon masses and to investigate the dynamics within hadrons and lepton pairs by formulating a unified physical framework that, in addition to gravitation, simultaneously incorporates the strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions. (2) Method: A framework inspired by the Standard Model and based on Kaluza-Klein theory is formulated using an extended general-relativistic description in a spacetime of one temporal, three spatial, and six compactified dimensions. The model suggests that excitations, deformations of the 10-dimensional spacetime traveling at light-speed, contribute to mass and distinct spin characteristics in a 4-dimensional setting. Using the electron g-factor, charged-lepton masses, and masses of the proton, neutron, and neutral and charged pion, neutral and charged rho, phi, psi, upsilon mesons, the parameters compactification radius rho, weak interaction coupling alpha_w, strong interaction coupling alpha_s, flavor constants A_i and the antineutrino/neutrino density ratio delta3 are determined and used to compute the masses of the hadrons. (3) Key results: Masses of 102 hadrons are obtained; comparison with data from 71 measurements shows relative errors below 0.05 in 70%, below 0.1 in 89% and below 0.2 in 100%, with a correlation coefficient r=0.997 between the measured and calculated masses. Thirty-one additional hadron masses are predicted, and the model identifies asymmetries in electric and weak forces, as well as distance- and velocity-dependent interactions. (4) Implications: The framework offers testable predictions for hadron spectroscopy, predicts sterile, exclusive gravitationally interacting bosons as dark-matter candidates, states the equations for the elementary forces, and suggests possible connections between force asymmetries and dark energy.
ER -