Optimal design and energy management of a green hydrogen-driven multi-energy microgrid: A Morocco case study
Abstract
Integrating green hydrogen into renewable-based microgrids offers promising opportunities to decarbonize multiple energy sectors. In this context, this paper proposes a multi-energy microgrid model with a detailed physical modeling of the complete hydrogen value chain, covering water desalination for electrolyzer supply, hydrogen production via electrolysis, multi-stage compression, cooling processes, multi-level hydrogen storage, and hydrogen distribution to multiple end-use demands. To enhance overall system efficiency, waste heat recovered from compressor intercoolers, the refueling station pre-cooler, and the fuel cell is explicitly valorized to supply thermal loads, enabling co-generation and contributing to the decarbonization of heat demand. The system configuration and day-ahead planning are optimized through an enhanced Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A realistic case study based on Casablanca, Morocco, is conducted to validate the proposed approach. The simulation results highlight a technically feasible multi-energy microgrid configuration. From an economic perspective, the optimized system achieves positive daily net profitability, primarily driven by hydrogen sales revenues associated with refueling and delivery, with a competitive levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) of 4.53 €/kg. From an environmental standpoint, the system results in a 94.6 % decrease in CO2 emissions relative to a conventional grid-based supply.
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BibTeX
@article{chrif2026optimal,
title = {{Optimal design and energy management of a green hydrogen-driven multi-energy microgrid: A Morocco case study}},
author = {Ayoub Chrif and Elhoussin Elbouchikhi and Abdelmajid Abouloifa and Mojtaba Hadi and Mohamed Machmoum},
journal = {Results in engineering},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.1016/j.rineng.2026.112495},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05723979v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Optimal design and energy management of a green hydrogen-driven multi-energy microgrid: A Morocco case study
AU - Ayoub Chrif
AU - Elhoussin Elbouchikhi
AU - Abdelmajid Abouloifa
AU - Mojtaba Hadi
AU - Mohamed Machmoum
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/18
JO - Results in engineering
DO - 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.112495
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05723979v1
AB - Integrating green hydrogen into renewable-based microgrids offers promising opportunities to decarbonize multiple energy sectors. In this context, this paper proposes a multi-energy microgrid model with a detailed physical modeling of the complete hydrogen value chain, covering water desalination for electrolyzer supply, hydrogen production via electrolysis, multi-stage compression, cooling processes, multi-level hydrogen storage, and hydrogen distribution to multiple end-use demands. To enhance overall system efficiency, waste heat recovered from compressor intercoolers, the refueling station pre-cooler, and the fuel cell is explicitly valorized to supply thermal loads, enabling co-generation and contributing to the decarbonization of heat demand. The system configuration and day-ahead planning are optimized through an enhanced Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A realistic case study based on Casablanca, Morocco, is conducted to validate the proposed approach. The simulation results highlight a technically feasible multi-energy microgrid configuration. From an economic perspective, the optimized system achieves positive daily net profitability, primarily driven by hydrogen sales revenues associated with refueling and delivery, with a competitive levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) of 4.53 €/kg. From an environmental standpoint, the system results in a 94.6 % decrease in CO2 emissions relative to a conventional grid-based supply.
SN - 2590-1230
ER -