Hybrid aerogel-loaded ticagrelor cationic hyalurosomes as a platform for wound healing management; in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies
Abstract
BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the restorative effects of ticagrelor (TIC), a well-known antiplatelet drug, on wound-healing capacity using cationic hyalurosomes loaded into an aerogel.MethodsThe ethanol injection method was used to produce cationic hyalurosomes, which were then optimized using a D-optimal design with the type of surfactant (X1), hyaluronic acid (HA) amount (mg) (X2), and phospholipid (PC) amount (mg) (X3) as independent variables. The impact of these variables on the entrapment efficiency (EE%, Y1), particle size (PS, Y2), and zeta potential (ZP, Y3) was evaluated.ResultsIn vitro assessments revealed that the spherical optimum formula had an EE% of 73.23% ± 0.27%, a PS of 162.95 ± 0.05 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.471 ± 0.004, and a ZP of 27.76 ± 0.77 mV. The optimum formula was stable for up to 90 days. Ex vivo examination using confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the optimum formula, labeled with fluorescein, was well deposited throughout the skin. Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed complete encapsulation of TIC within vesicles. The in vitro release study showed a sustained release profile from the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes-loaded aerogel compared to TIC suspension, TIC aerogel, and the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes. In vivo assessments concluded better skin deposition of the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes-loaded aerogel and good healing capacity. Moreover, histopathological assessment confirmed the safety of using the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes aerogel, with no evidence of inflammation.Conclusion In conclusion, the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes-loaded aerogel facilitates wound healing and is a viable option for wound management.
Related
- PBPK Model-Based Prediction of Optimal Rosuvastatin Dosing with Concomitant Ticagrelor in Elderly Patients Considering ABCG2 Genetic Variant.
- Efficacy and Safety of Prasugrel, Ticagrelor, or Clopidogrel After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- Ticagrelor versus prasugrel following PCI in acute coronary syndromes and high-risk coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of one-year randomized trial outcomes
- Designing and optimizing an intelligent health informatics management platform for patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer: from needs assessment to pilot testing
- The Role of In Vitro Model Complexity in Lipid-Based Formulation Screening: A Case Study with Ticagrelor
BibTeX
@article{eltabeeb2026hybrid,
title = {{Hybrid aerogel-loaded ticagrelor cationic hyalurosomes as a platform for wound healing management; in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies}},
author = {Moaz A. Eltabeeb and Rofida Albash and Azza A. K. El-Sheikh and Norliza Muhammad and Nurul ‘Izzah Ibrahim and Mohammed Hashim Albashir and Ahmed Adel Alaa-Eldin},
journal = {Frontiers in Pharmacology},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3389/fphar.2026.1985486},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1985486},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Hybrid aerogel-loaded ticagrelor cationic hyalurosomes as a platform for wound healing management; in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies
AU - Moaz A. Eltabeeb
AU - Rofida Albash
AU - Azza A. K. El-Sheikh
AU - Norliza Muhammad
AU - Nurul ‘Izzah Ibrahim
AU - Mohammed Hashim Albashir
AU - Ahmed Adel Alaa-Eldin
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/05
JO - Frontiers in Pharmacology
DO - 10.3389/fphar.2026.1985486
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2026.1985486
AB - BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the restorative effects of ticagrelor (TIC), a well-known antiplatelet drug, on wound-healing capacity using cationic hyalurosomes loaded into an aerogel.MethodsThe ethanol injection method was used to produce cationic hyalurosomes, which were then optimized using a D-optimal design with the type of surfactant (X1), hyaluronic acid (HA) amount (mg) (X2), and phospholipid (PC) amount (mg) (X3) as independent variables. The impact of these variables on the entrapment efficiency (EE%, Y1), particle size (PS, Y2), and zeta potential (ZP, Y3) was evaluated.ResultsIn vitro assessments revealed that the spherical optimum formula had an EE% of 73.23% ± 0.27%, a PS of 162.95 ± 0.05 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.471 ± 0.004, and a ZP of 27.76 ± 0.77 mV. The optimum formula was stable for up to 90 days. Ex vivo examination using confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the optimum formula, labeled with fluorescein, was well deposited throughout the skin. Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed complete encapsulation of TIC within vesicles. The in vitro release study showed a sustained release profile from the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes-loaded aerogel compared to TIC suspension, TIC aerogel, and the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes. In vivo assessments concluded better skin deposition of the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes-loaded aerogel and good healing capacity. Moreover, histopathological assessment confirmed the safety of using the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes aerogel, with no evidence of inflammation.Conclusion In conclusion, the optimum TIC-loaded hyalurosomes-loaded aerogel facilitates wound healing and is a viable option for wound management.
SN - 1663-9812
ER -