Gut microbiota composition and dysbiosis signatures associated with complex gastrointestinal and urological conditions in neonates: a case series study
5 affiliations
- 1Unit of Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- 2Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- 3Unit of Microbiomics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- 4Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- 5Department of Life Science, Health, and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy
Abstract
IntroductionDuring the first year of life, the gut microbiota (GM) is influenced by several factors, including delivery mode, feeding practices (breast milk vs. formula milk), antibiotic therapy, and preterm birth. Surgical interventions and complex congenital conditions may further alter microbial colonization, potentially contributing to complications and systemic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the GM of newborns with complex surgical, urological, and gastrointestinal conditions, including Hirschsprung's disease.MethodsGM composition was analyzed in five newborns with complex clinical conditions to investigate potential associations between microbial alterations and underlying diseases.ResultsA consistent reduction in beneficial commensal bacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp., was observed, alongside an increased abundance of potential opportunistic pathogens, mainly belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria. These findings revealed common signatures of dysbiosis, as well as potential disease-specific microbial patterns.DiscussionThe findings suggest that early-life factors, including antibiotic exposure, prematurity, complex clinical conditions, and surgical interventions, may substantially affect microbial colonization. These alterations may be associated with an increased risk of complications and systemic inflammation. Further studies involving larger cohorts are needed to clarify the relationships between GM alterations and clinical outcomes in these vulnerable newborns.
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BibTeX
@article{riccardo2026microbiota,
title = {{Gut microbiota composition and dysbiosis signatures associated with complex gastrointestinal and urological conditions in neonates: a case series study}},
author = {Marsiglia Riccardo and Domenico Umberto De Rose and Pane Stefania and Chiara Marangelo and Guglielmo Salvatori and Fabio Fusaro and Andrea Conforti and Irma Capolupo and Lorenza Putignani and Lorenza Putignani and Lorenza Putignani and Andrea Dotta},
journal = {Frontiers in Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fmed.2026.1917675},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1917675},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Gut microbiota composition and dysbiosis signatures associated with complex gastrointestinal and urological conditions in neonates: a case series study
AU - Marsiglia Riccardo
AU - Domenico Umberto De Rose
AU - Pane Stefania
AU - Chiara Marangelo
AU - Guglielmo Salvatori
AU - Fabio Fusaro
AU - Andrea Conforti
AU - Irma Capolupo
AU - Lorenza Putignani
AU - Lorenza Putignani
AU - Lorenza Putignani
AU - Andrea Dotta
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/23
JO - Frontiers in Medicine
DO - 10.3389/fmed.2026.1917675
UR - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1917675
AB - IntroductionDuring the first year of life, the gut microbiota (GM) is influenced by several factors, including delivery mode, feeding practices (breast milk vs. formula milk), antibiotic therapy, and preterm birth. Surgical interventions and complex congenital conditions may further alter microbial colonization, potentially contributing to complications and systemic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the GM of newborns with complex surgical, urological, and gastrointestinal conditions, including Hirschsprung's disease.MethodsGM composition was analyzed in five newborns with complex clinical conditions to investigate potential associations between microbial alterations and underlying diseases.ResultsA consistent reduction in beneficial commensal bacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp., was observed, alongside an increased abundance of potential opportunistic pathogens, mainly belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria. These findings revealed common signatures of dysbiosis, as well as potential disease-specific microbial patterns.DiscussionThe findings suggest that early-life factors, including antibiotic exposure, prematurity, complex clinical conditions, and surgical interventions, may substantially affect microbial colonization. These alterations may be associated with an increased risk of complications and systemic inflammation. Further studies involving larger cohorts are needed to clarify the relationships between GM alterations and clinical outcomes in these vulnerable newborns.
SN - 2296-858X
ER -