Electrochemical Sensing of Dopamine with a Nafion-Coated Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor based on a novel composite of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide, polypyrrole-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs@PPy), and Nafion was developed for dopamine (DA) detection. The structural, thermal, and electrochemical properties of the composite were validated through a combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques, thermal profiling, electron microscopy, and impedance analyses. Under optimized conditions, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) revealed a high sensitivity (1.573 A·M−1·cm−2, R2 = 0.9874) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.4 × 10−9 M for DA. The sensor displayed excellent selectivity, showing minimal interference from ascorbic acid, uric acid, and acetaminophen. Repeatability and reproducibility were confirmed (coefficient of variation ~8%). Real-sample analysis of urine and blood demonstrated recovery rates between 75 and 116%.
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BibTeX
@article{dhaffouli2026electrochemical,
title = {{Electrochemical Sensing of Dopamine with a Nafion-Coated Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite}},
author = {Afef Dhaffouli and Paul Soto-Rodríguez and Soledad Carinelli and Houcine Barhoumi and José Luis González-Mora and Pedro Salazar-Carballo},
journal = {Micromachines},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.3390/mi17080908},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05829949v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Electrochemical Sensing of Dopamine with a Nafion-Coated Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polypyrrole-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite
AU - Afef Dhaffouli
AU - Paul Soto-Rodríguez
AU - Soledad Carinelli
AU - Houcine Barhoumi
AU - José Luis González-Mora
AU - Pedro Salazar-Carballo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/29
JO - Micromachines
DO - 10.3390/mi17080908
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05829949v1
AB - An electrochemical sensor based on a novel composite of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide, polypyrrole-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs@PPy), and Nafion was developed for dopamine (DA) detection. The structural, thermal, and electrochemical properties of the composite were validated through a combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques, thermal profiling, electron microscopy, and impedance analyses. Under optimized conditions, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) revealed a high sensitivity (1.573 A·M−1·cm−2, R2 = 0.9874) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.4 × 10−9 M for DA. The sensor displayed excellent selectivity, showing minimal interference from ascorbic acid, uric acid, and acetaminophen. Repeatability and reproducibility were confirmed (coefficient of variation ~8%). Real-sample analysis of urine and blood demonstrated recovery rates between 75 and 116%.
SN - 2072-666X
ER -