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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Public Health

Oral health status and socio-behavioral predictors among the Lodha tribe in Odisha, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

  • Sujit Ranjan Sahoo1
  • Anuroopa Mohapatra1
  • Abinash Pattanaik1
  • Himadri Gourav Behuria2
  • Sashibhusan Dash2
  • Prativa Panda3
  1. 1Department of Dentistry, PRM Medical College and Hospital
  2. 2Multidisciplinary Research Unit, PRM Medical College and Hospital
  3. 3PRM Medical College and Hospital
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Abstract

Background: Socio-historical marginalization drives health disparities among the Lodha tribe, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) in Odisha. The lack of baseline oral health epidemiological data limits targeted health planning. This study aimed to determine oral disease prevalence, oral hygiene status, and socio-behavioral determinants of treatment urgency among the Lodha PVTG in Mayurbhanj, Odisha.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey ( N = 346 adults) was conducted across four administrative blocks in the Mayurbhanj District using a multi-stage cluster sampling design. Data were collected using modified WHO questionnaires and Type III clinical examinations. Clinical metrics included the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Multivariate binary logistic regression used to identify independent predictors of prompt/immediate treatment urgency.

Results: Participants had a mean OHI-S score of 3.42 ± 1.12, with 61.3% presenting poor oral hygiene. Untreated decay almost entirely drove the mean DMFT of 0.68 ± 1.42 (DT = 0.61 ± 1.31; FT = 0.003 ± 0.05). Periodontal disease was observed in 62.7% ( n = 217) of participants, with 40.5% demonstrating moderate (4–5 mm) pockets and 22.2% demonstrating severe (≥6 mm) pockets. Oral mucosal lesions affected 33.5% of the sample, with oral leukoplakia dominating cases (9.0%). Dental service utilization remained low, as 89.6% had never visited a dentist. Logistic regression identified tobacco use (aOR = 3.42, 95% CI: 2.11–5.54, p < 0.001), poor self-perceived health (aOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.28–3.61, p = 0.004), and age ≥65 years (aOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.05–3.33, p = 0.03) as independent predictors of treatment urgency.

Conclusion: The Lodha PVTG exhibits a high burden of untreated periodontal disease and oral precancerous lesions alongside minimal dental service utilization. Targeted oral healthcare services and tobacco cessation programs should be included in tribal development micro-projects to address these disparities.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{sahoo2026oral,
  title = {{Oral health status and socio-behavioral predictors among the Lodha tribe in Odisha, India: a community-based cross-sectional study}},
  author = {Sujit Ranjan Sahoo and Anuroopa Mohapatra and Abinash Pattanaik and Himadri Gourav Behuria and Sashibhusan Dash and Prativa Panda},
  journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1889658},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1889658/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oral health status and socio-behavioral predictors among the Lodha tribe in Odisha, India: a community-based cross-sectional study
AU  - Sujit Ranjan Sahoo
AU  - Anuroopa Mohapatra
AU  - Abinash Pattanaik
AU  - Himadri Gourav Behuria
AU  - Sashibhusan Dash
AU  - Prativa Panda
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - Frontiers in Public Health
DO  - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1889658
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1889658/full
AB  - Background: Socio-historical marginalization drives health disparities among the Lodha tribe, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) in Odisha. The lack of baseline oral health epidemiological data limits targeted health planning. This study aimed to determine oral disease prevalence, oral hygiene status, and socio-behavioral determinants of treatment urgency among the Lodha PVTG in Mayurbhanj, Odisha.  Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey ( N = 346 adults) was conducted across four administrative blocks in the Mayurbhanj District using a multi-stage cluster sampling design. Data were collected using modified WHO questionnaires and Type III clinical examinations. Clinical metrics included the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Multivariate binary logistic regression used to identify independent predictors of prompt/immediate treatment urgency.  Results: Participants had a mean OHI-S score of 3.42 ± 1.12, with 61.3% presenting poor oral hygiene. Untreated decay almost entirely drove the mean DMFT of 0.68 ± 1.42 (DT = 0.61 ± 1.31; FT = 0.003 ± 0.05). Periodontal disease was observed in 62.7% ( n = 217) of participants, with 40.5% demonstrating moderate (4–5 mm) pockets and 22.2% demonstrating severe (≥6 mm) pockets. Oral mucosal lesions affected 33.5% of the sample, with oral leukoplakia dominating cases (9.0%). Dental service utilization remained low, as 89.6% had never visited a dentist. Logistic regression identified tobacco use (aOR = 3.42, 95% CI: 2.11–5.54, p < 0.001), poor self-perceived health (aOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.28–3.61, p = 0.004), and age ≥65 years (aOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.05–3.33, p = 0.03) as independent predictors of treatment urgency.  Conclusion: The Lodha PVTG exhibits a high burden of untreated periodontal disease and oral precancerous lesions alongside minimal dental service utilization. Targeted oral healthcare services and tobacco cessation programs should be included in tribal development micro-projects to address these disparities.
SN  - 2296-2565
ER  -