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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDAnnals of hematology

A rare case of acute basophilic leukemia transformed from high risk myelodysplastic syndrome.

  • Christian Aledia Gallardo1,2,3
  • Yu Yue Hew1,2
  • Wei-Ying Jen4
  • Shanmugam Hemalatha1
  • Xiao Wei Ang1
  • Pik Wan Erica Chiang1
  • Kian Guan Eric Lim5
  • Jia En Iris Leow1
  • Shir Ying Lee3,6,7
  • Bingwen Eugene Fan8,9,10,11
11 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Haematology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
  2. 2Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
  3. 3Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
  4. 4Leukemia Department, MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX, USA.
  5. 5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
  6. 6Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
  7. 7Division of Haematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
  8. 8Department of Haematology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. [email protected].
  9. 9Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. [email protected].
  10. 10Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. [email protected].
  11. 11Northern Pathology Victoria, Department of Haematology, Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia. [email protected].
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Abstract

Acute basophilic leukemia (ABL) transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome is exceedingly rare. We report the case of a 73-year-old man with ABL which transformed from IPSS-M High risk MDS. The patient had a history of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Further investigations demonstrated circulating blasts on peripheral blood smear. Upon bone marrow examination, a diagnosis of ABL arising from underlying MDS was established, characterized by cytogenetic analysis demonstrating trisomy 8 (+ 8), with the additional copy of chromosome 8 present in the form of a ring chromosome, and a WT1 frameshift mutation. The patient was treated with azacitidine and venetoclax, followed by best supportive care after disease progression. This case highlights the rare occurrence of ABL secondary to MDS and provides insight into the diagnostic challenges, clonal evolution, and therapeutic limitations associated with this aggressive entity.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{gallardo2026rare,
  title = {{A rare case of acute basophilic leukemia transformed from high risk myelodysplastic syndrome.}},
  author = {Christian Aledia Gallardo and Yu Yue Hew and Wei-Ying Jen and Shanmugam Hemalatha and Xiao Wei Ang and Pik Wan Erica Chiang and Kian Guan Eric Lim and Jia En Iris Leow and Shir Ying Lee and Bingwen Eugene Fan},
  journal = {Annals of hematology},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1007/s00277-026-07206-7},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897371},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - A rare case of acute basophilic leukemia transformed from high risk myelodysplastic syndrome.
AU  - Christian Aledia Gallardo
AU  - Yu Yue Hew
AU  - Wei-Ying Jen
AU  - Shanmugam Hemalatha
AU  - Xiao Wei Ang
AU  - Pik Wan Erica Chiang
AU  - Kian Guan Eric Lim
AU  - Jia En Iris Leow
AU  - Shir Ying Lee
AU  - Bingwen Eugene Fan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Annals of hematology
DO  - 10.1007/s00277-026-07206-7
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897371
AB  - Acute basophilic leukemia (ABL) transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome is exceedingly rare. We report the case of a 73-year-old man with ABL which transformed from IPSS-M High risk MDS. The patient had a history of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Further investigations demonstrated circulating blasts on peripheral blood smear. Upon bone marrow examination, a diagnosis of ABL arising from underlying MDS was established, characterized by cytogenetic analysis demonstrating trisomy 8 (+ 8), with the additional copy of chromosome 8 present in the form of a ring chromosome, and a WT1 frameshift mutation. The patient was treated with azacitidine and venetoclax, followed by best supportive care after disease progression. This case highlights the rare occurrence of ABL secondary to MDS and provides insight into the diagnostic challenges, clonal evolution, and therapeutic limitations associated with this aggressive entity.
SN  - 0939-5555
SN  - 1432-0584
ER  -