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Peer-reviewedCC BYHypertension in Pregnancy

Inter-arm blood pressure differences and blood pressure variability in early pregnancy: limited associations with pre-eclampsia

  • Henriette Ladegård Skov1
  • Iben Riishede1
  • Line Rode2
  • Ida Kirkegaard1
  • Lars Henning Pedersen1
  • Lene Sperling3
  • Pernille Nørgaard4
  • Finn Stener Jørgensen5
  • Nina Gros Pedersen6
  • Charlotte Kvist Ekelund2
  • Stefan Rahr Wagner7
  • Puk Sandager1
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Fetal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
  2. 2Center of Fetal Medicine, Department of Fertility, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
  3. 3Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
  4. 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
  5. 5Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  6. 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
  7. 7Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biomedical Section, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Abstract

Objectives To investigate an association of inter-arm blood pressure differences (IAD) and within-visit variability of blood pressure in early pregnancy with pre-eclampsia.Methods Blood pressure information was available on 8117 participants from the prospective PREeclampsia Screening In DEnmark (PRESIDE) study. Three consecutive blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken on both arms simultaneously in participants attending the first-trimester ultrasound. Maternal characteristics, medical history, and pregnancy outcome were collected. Outcomes were pre-eclampsia overall, further stratified into preterm (delivery < 37 weeks of gestation) and term cases (delivery ≥ 37 weeks of gestation).Results Women developing pre-eclampsia had a higher diastolic IAD (2.67 mmHg vs 2.33 mmHg) and pulse pressure IAD (4.67 mmHg vs 4.33 mmHg OR 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01; 1.07)). Pulse pressure IAD was associated with pre-eclampsia (adjusted OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01, 1.07) and term pre-eclampsia (OR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.02, 1.08), but not with preterm pre-eclampsia (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.9, 1.06). There were no associations between systolic IAD, within-visit BP variability and pre-eclampsia.Conclusion Diastolic IAD and pulse pressure IAD in early pregnancy were higher in women developing pre-eclampsia. No association was found between systolic IAD or within-visit BP variability and pre-eclampsia.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{skov2026interarm,
  title = {{Inter-arm blood pressure differences and blood pressure variability in early pregnancy: limited associations with pre-eclampsia}},
  author = {Henriette Ladegård Skov and Iben Riishede and Line Rode and Ida Kirkegaard and Lars Henning Pedersen and Lene Sperling and Pernille Nørgaard and Finn Stener Jørgensen and Nina Gros Pedersen and Charlotte Kvist Ekelund and Stefan Rahr Wagner and Puk Sandager},
  journal = {Hypertension in Pregnancy},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1080/10641955.2026.2739274},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/10641955.2026.2739274},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inter-arm blood pressure differences and blood pressure variability in early pregnancy: limited associations with pre-eclampsia
AU  - Henriette Ladegård Skov
AU  - Iben Riishede
AU  - Line Rode
AU  - Ida Kirkegaard
AU  - Lars Henning Pedersen
AU  - Lene Sperling
AU  - Pernille Nørgaard
AU  - Finn Stener Jørgensen
AU  - Nina Gros Pedersen
AU  - Charlotte Kvist Ekelund
AU  - Stefan Rahr Wagner
AU  - Puk Sandager
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/30
JO  - Hypertension in Pregnancy
DO  - 10.1080/10641955.2026.2739274
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10641955.2026.2739274
AB  - Objectives To investigate an association of inter-arm blood pressure differences (IAD) and within-visit variability of blood pressure in early pregnancy with pre-eclampsia.Methods Blood pressure information was available on 8117 participants from the prospective PREeclampsia Screening In DEnmark (PRESIDE) study. Three consecutive blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken on both arms simultaneously in participants attending the first-trimester ultrasound. Maternal characteristics, medical history, and pregnancy outcome were collected. Outcomes were pre-eclampsia overall, further stratified into preterm (delivery < 37 weeks of gestation) and term cases (delivery ≥ 37 weeks of gestation).Results Women developing pre-eclampsia had a higher diastolic IAD (2.67 mmHg vs 2.33 mmHg) and pulse pressure IAD (4.67 mmHg vs 4.33 mmHg OR 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01; 1.07)). Pulse pressure IAD was associated with pre-eclampsia (adjusted OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01, 1.07) and term pre-eclampsia (OR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.02, 1.08), but not with preterm pre-eclampsia (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.9, 1.06). There were no associations between systolic IAD, within-visit BP variability and pre-eclampsia.Conclusion Diastolic IAD and pulse pressure IAD in early pregnancy were higher in women developing pre-eclampsia. No association was found between systolic IAD or within-visit BP variability and pre-eclampsia.
SN  - 1525-6065
SN  - 1064-1955
ER  -