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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Veterinary Research

Application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to discriminate serotypes of Streptococcus suis

  • Francesca Romana Massacci1
  • Miriam Cordovana2
  • Elisa Albini1
  • Lucilla Cucco1
  • Francesca Piersanti1
  • Elisa Russo1
  • Patrick Leo2
  • Andrea Baldaccini2
  • Andrea Luppi3
  • Denis Vio4
  • Marta Paniccià1
  • Giovanni Pezzotti1
1 more authors
  • Chiara Francesca Magistrali1,3
4 affiliations
  1. 1Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  2. 2Bruker Daltonics GmbH and Co. KG, Bremen, Germany
  3. 3Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini”, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
  4. 4Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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Abstract

Streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen and is considered an emerging zoonotic agent. Serotyping plays a crucial role for epidemiological investigations, pathogenicity assessment, and vaccine strategy. The present study evaluated the applicability of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, using the IR Biotyper system, for the serotype discrimination of 94 S. suis isolates belonging to 13 distinct serotypes. Analysis of the 1300–800 cm−1 spectral region demonstrated the highest discriminatory power. Principal component analysis (PCA)/linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed clear separation among the tested serotypes, except for serotypes 1/2 and 2. The classifier achieved overall accuracy of 90%, which increased to 96.7% when serotypes 2 and 1/2 were considered as a single category. These findings demonstrate that FT-IR spectroscopy represents a promising, rapid, and cost-effective tool for S. suis serotype discrimination. Its performance, ease of use, and compatibility with machine learning approaches support its potential implementation in routine diagnostic and epidemiological workflows. As previously reported for other clinically relevant bacteria, FT-IR spectroscopy may serve as a valuable complementary method to molecular typing, particularly in settings requiring rapid decision-making and high-throughput analysis.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{massacci2026application,
  title = {{Application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to discriminate serotypes of Streptococcus suis}},
  author = {Francesca Romana Massacci and Miriam Cordovana and Elisa Albini and Lucilla Cucco and Francesca Piersanti and Elisa Russo and Patrick Leo and Andrea Baldaccini and Andrea Luppi and Denis Vio and Marta Paniccià and Giovanni Pezzotti and Chiara Francesca Magistrali},
  journal = {Veterinary Research},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1186/s13567-026-01870-3},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05847571v1},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to discriminate serotypes of Streptococcus suis
AU  - Francesca Romana Massacci
AU  - Miriam Cordovana
AU  - Elisa Albini
AU  - Lucilla Cucco
AU  - Francesca Piersanti
AU  - Elisa Russo
AU  - Patrick Leo
AU  - Andrea Baldaccini
AU  - Andrea Luppi
AU  - Denis Vio
AU  - Marta Paniccià
AU  - Giovanni Pezzotti
AU  - Chiara Francesca Magistrali
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/31
JO  - Veterinary Research
DO  - 10.1186/s13567-026-01870-3
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05847571v1
AB  - Streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen and is considered an emerging zoonotic agent. Serotyping plays a crucial role for epidemiological investigations, pathogenicity assessment, and vaccine strategy. The present study evaluated the applicability of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, using the IR Biotyper system, for the serotype discrimination of 94 S. suis isolates belonging to 13 distinct serotypes. Analysis of the 1300–800 cm−1 spectral region demonstrated the highest discriminatory power. Principal component analysis (PCA)/linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed clear separation among the tested serotypes, except for serotypes 1/2 and 2. The classifier achieved overall accuracy of 90%, which increased to 96.7% when serotypes 2 and 1/2 were considered as a single category. These findings demonstrate that FT-IR spectroscopy represents a promising, rapid, and cost-effective tool for S. suis serotype discrimination. Its performance, ease of use, and compatibility with machine learning approaches support its potential implementation in routine diagnostic and epidemiological workflows. As previously reported for other clinically relevant bacteria, FT-IR spectroscopy may serve as a valuable complementary method to molecular typing, particularly in settings requiring rapid decision-making and high-throughput analysis.
SN  - 0928-4249
SN  - 1297-9716
ER  -