Scalable logical qubits
Abstract
Utility-scale quantum computing will require executing long, complex algorithms with end-to-end error rates far below what physical qubits can support directly. Error-corrected logical qubits are needed to achieve this goal. To make the progress on logical qubits measurable and comparable we introduce the definition of scalable logical qubits: logical qubits preserved for long computations by repeated quantum error correction, capable of fault-tolerant universal operations with low-latency real-time decoding and feedback, and replicable to the hundreds or thousands, as required by applications. We characterize these scalable logical qubits along four coupled dimensions: reliability, scale, capability, and performance, and discuss trade-offs among these dimensions.
Related
- Modeling Logical Gates and Readout of Superconducting Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Qubits
- Entangled logical qubits on a superconducting quantum processor
- Deterministic Universal Logical Gates for Finite-Energy GKP Qubits in Trapped Neutral Atoms
- Clifford gates with logical transversality for self-dual CSS codes
- Fault-tolerant and fully addressable unitary logical gates via round-robin sparsification
BibTeX
@misc{troyer2026scalable,
title = {{Scalable logical qubits}},
author = {Matthias Troyer and Chetan Nayak and John Martinis},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.20549},
eprint = {2609.20549},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20549},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Scalable logical qubits
AU - Matthias Troyer
AU - Chetan Nayak
AU - John Martinis
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/17
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.20549
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20549
AB - Utility-scale quantum computing will require executing long, complex algorithms with end-to-end error rates far below what physical qubits can support directly. Error-corrected logical qubits are needed to achieve this goal. To make the progress on logical qubits measurable and comparable we introduce the definition of scalable logical qubits: logical qubits preserved for long computations by repeated quantum error correction, capable of fault-tolerant universal operations with low-latency real-time decoding and feedback, and replicable to the hundreds or thousands, as required by applications. We characterize these scalable logical qubits along four coupled dimensions: reliability, scale, capability, and performance, and discuss trade-offs among these dimensions.
ER -