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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Poultry Science

Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves laying performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese: insights from liver transcriptomics

  • Xiaobing Peng1,2
  • Xuan Zhao1,2
  • Yizeng Lin1,2
  • Meng Sun1,2
  • Di Han3
  • Changjiang Li4
  • Ying Wang1,2
  • Chunchi Yan1,2
  • Wei Ma1,2
  • Chunqiang Wang1,2
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
  2. 2Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, 121000, China
  3. 3Liaoning Provincial Rural and Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110000, China
  4. 4Liaoning Provincial Modern Agricultural Production Base Construction Engineering Center, Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province, 111000, China
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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese, and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms through liver transcriptomics. 240 female Huoyan geese of similar body weight and age were randomly assigned to four groups: a control group fed a basal diet and three groups fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.06%, 0.08%, or 0.12% NCG. Each group comprised six replicates of 10 geese. The trial lasted 127 d (7-d adaptation). At the end, laying performance and egg quality were assessed, and serum and liver samples were collected for lipid metabolism and antioxidant biomarker analyses. Liver transcriptomes of the control and N1 groups were sequenced. The 0.06% NCG (N1) group exhibited significantly higher laying rate, average egg weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, yolk weight, and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than the control (P < 0.05). Serum total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglyceride (TG), and liver T-CHO, TG, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased in the N1 group (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly enhanced in serum and liver (P < 0.05). The response was not monotonic: 0.06% NCG produced the greatest improvements, whereas 0.12% did not differ significantly from the control for most variables. Transcriptomic analysis identified 1,041 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups: 137 upregulated and 904 downregulated in N1. After correction for multiple testing, fructose and mannose metabolism was the only significantly enriched KEGG pathway, and enriched Gene Ontology terms were dominated by ribosome- and mitochondrial respiratory chain-related functions. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) further showed that the ribosome gene set was significantly suppressed in the NCG group, whereas no gene set was significantly upregulated. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 0.06% NCG improved laying performance, egg quality, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese, accompanied by hepatic transcriptomic changes associated with lipid and energy metabolism, antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial function.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{peng2026dietary,
  title = {{Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves laying performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese: insights from liver transcriptomics}},
  author = {Xiaobing Peng and Xuan Zhao and Yizeng Lin and Meng Sun and Di Han and Changjiang Li and Ying Wang and Chunchi Yan and Wei Ma and Chunqiang Wang},
  journal = {Poultry Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.psj.2026.107981},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2026.107981},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves laying performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese: insights from liver transcriptomics
AU  - Xiaobing Peng
AU  - Xuan Zhao
AU  - Yizeng Lin
AU  - Meng Sun
AU  - Di Han
AU  - Changjiang Li
AU  - Ying Wang
AU  - Chunchi Yan
AU  - Wei Ma
AU  - Chunqiang Wang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/17
JO  - Poultry Science
DO  - 10.1016/j.psj.2026.107981
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2026.107981
AB  - This study investigated the effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese, and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms through liver transcriptomics. 240 female Huoyan geese of similar body weight and age were randomly assigned to four groups: a control group fed a basal diet and three groups fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.06%, 0.08%, or 0.12% NCG. Each group comprised six replicates of 10 geese. The trial lasted 127 d (7-d adaptation). At the end, laying performance and egg quality were assessed, and serum and liver samples were collected for lipid metabolism and antioxidant biomarker analyses. Liver transcriptomes of the control and N1 groups were sequenced. The 0.06% NCG (N1) group exhibited significantly higher laying rate, average egg weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, yolk weight, and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than the control (P < 0.05). Serum total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglyceride (TG), and liver T-CHO, TG, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased in the N1 group (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly enhanced in serum and liver (P < 0.05). The response was not monotonic: 0.06% NCG produced the greatest improvements, whereas 0.12% did not differ significantly from the control for most variables. Transcriptomic analysis identified 1,041 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups: 137 upregulated and 904 downregulated in N1. After correction for multiple testing, fructose and mannose metabolism was the only significantly enriched KEGG pathway, and enriched Gene Ontology terms were dominated by ribosome- and mitochondrial respiratory chain-related functions. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) further showed that the ribosome gene set was significantly suppressed in the NCG group, whereas no gene set was significantly upregulated. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 0.06% NCG improved laying performance, egg quality, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in Huoyan geese, accompanied by hepatic transcriptomic changes associated with lipid and energy metabolism, antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial function.
SN  - 0032-5791
SN  - 1525-3171
ER  -