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Peer-reviewedCC BYProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Growth under pressure: The pros and cons of polyploidy induced by stress

  • Lilijana Sarabia Oliver1,2
  • Paulo B. Belato3,1
  • J. Enrique Silva3,1
  • Anna M. Selmecki4,1
  • Donald T. Fox3,1
  • Adrienne Roeder1,2
4 affiliations
  1. 1Polyploidy Integration and Innovation Institute, Cornell University
  2. 2Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University
  3. 3Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine
  4. 4Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine
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Abstract

In native environments, organisms are faced with an array of acute or chronic stresses. These stresses include toxins, pathogens, and physical injury. An increasingly recognized response to diverse stresses is whole genome doubling or polyploidy. This transformative cellular property alters genome integrity, cellular structure, and tissue architecture. Whether polyploidy is a positive, negative, or neutral outcome of a stress is a current topic of investigation in numerous contexts including during fungal infection of plants and animals, during regeneration of wounded tissues, and in human diseases such as cancer. In this review, we highlight the wide range of stresses that promote polyploidy in fungal, plant, and animal contexts. Specifically, we highlight major mechanisms that lead to stress-induced polyploidy within somatic or germline tissues through alteration of the cell cycle. We discuss the impact of such stress-induced polyploidy on genomes, cells, and tissues and emphasize commonalities across organisms and biological scales. A common theme that has emerged is that polyploidy facilitates numerous subsequent genomic and cellular changes following abrupt stresses, and these changes can impact tissue architecture and function.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{oliver2026growth,
  title = {{Growth under pressure: The pros and cons of polyploidy induced by stress}},
  author = {Lilijana Sarabia Oliver and Paulo B. Belato and J. Enrique Silva and Anna M. Selmecki and Donald T. Fox and Adrienne Roeder},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2026},
  month = may,
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.2522063123},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2522063123},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Growth under pressure: The pros and cons of polyploidy induced by stress
AU  - Lilijana Sarabia Oliver
AU  - Paulo B. Belato
AU  - J. Enrique Silva
AU  - Anna M. Selmecki
AU  - Donald T. Fox
AU  - Adrienne Roeder
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/26
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2522063123
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2522063123
AB  - In native environments, organisms are faced with an array of acute or chronic stresses. These stresses include toxins, pathogens, and physical injury. An increasingly recognized response to diverse stresses is whole genome doubling or polyploidy. This transformative cellular property alters genome integrity, cellular structure, and tissue architecture. Whether polyploidy is a positive, negative, or neutral outcome of a stress is a current topic of investigation in numerous contexts including during fungal infection of plants and animals, during regeneration of wounded tissues, and in human diseases such as cancer. In this review, we highlight the wide range of stresses that promote polyploidy in fungal, plant, and animal contexts. Specifically, we highlight major mechanisms that lead to stress-induced polyploidy within somatic or germline tissues through alteration of the cell cycle. We discuss the impact of such stress-induced polyploidy on genomes, cells, and tissues and emphasize commonalities across organisms and biological scales. A common theme that has emerged is that polyploidy facilitates numerous subsequent genomic and cellular changes following abrupt stresses, and these changes can impact tissue architecture and function.
SN  - 0027-8424
SN  - 1091-6490
ER  -