Magnetically Charged Black Holes from Grand Unified Theory
Abstract
Grand Unified models of particle physics inevitably give rise to magnetic monopoles. Often the model will also contain a weakly broken discrete symmetry that leads to the formation of biased domain walls that survive for a limited period in cosmology. For a range of the discrete symmetry breaking parameter, domain walls can collapse to form magnetically charged extremal black holes lighter than ≃ 1 kg but these are not expected to survive until the present epoch due to Hawking evaporation and Schwinger pair production of monopoles. If the parameter is smaller still, the black holes may be astrophysical, with mass greater than 1015 g and with sub-extremal magnetic charge: Q ≃ 108 (for our canonical choice of parameters). The cosmological energy density in residual magnetic monopoles depends on the discrete symmetry breaking parameter and for sufficiently small values of the parameter, the magnetic monopole density can satisfy all observational constraints.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{vachaspati2026magnetically,
title = {{Magnetically Charged Black Holes from Grand Unified Theory}},
author = {Tanmay Vachaspati and Anja Wachowitz},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.19440},
eprint = {2610.19440},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19440},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Magnetically Charged Black Holes from Grand Unified Theory
AU - Tanmay Vachaspati
AU - Anja Wachowitz
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.19440
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19440
AB - Grand Unified models of particle physics inevitably give rise to magnetic monopoles. Often the model will also contain a weakly broken discrete symmetry that leads to the formation of biased domain walls that survive for a limited period in cosmology. For a range of the discrete symmetry breaking parameter, domain walls can collapse to form magnetically charged extremal black holes lighter than ≃ 1 kg but these are not expected to survive until the present epoch due to Hawking evaporation and Schwinger pair production of monopoles. If the parameter is smaller still, the black holes may be astrophysical, with mass greater than 10^15 g and with sub-extremal magnetic charge: Q ≃ 10^8 (for our canonical choice of parameters). The cosmological energy density in residual magnetic monopoles depends on the discrete symmetry breaking parameter and for sufficiently small values of the parameter, the magnetic monopole density can satisfy all observational constraints.
ER -