Association Between Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Bronchiectasis in a Japanese Cohort

Abstract

Objective Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) frequently coexists with bronchiectasis. Among the CRS phenotypes, CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), which is predominantly characterized by type 2 (T2) inflammation, has been associated with bronchiectasis in Western populations. However, CRSwNP exhibits substantial inflammatory heterogeneity in Asia. From an inflammatory perspective, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), a clinically defined CRS phenotype reflecting T2-dominant inflammation, may be more relevant to bronchiectasis. However, this association remains unclear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥ 16 years who underwent paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) followed by chest CT at a tertiary care center. The patients were classified into three groups: non-CRS, non-ECRS CRS, and ECRS groups. The association between CRS phenotypes and the presence of bronchiectasis was evaluated. Results A total of 74 patients were included (non-CRS, n = 39; non-ECRS CRS, n = 24; and ECRS, n = 11). The prevalence of bronchiectasis differed significantly among the groups: 31% in non-CRS, 42% in non-ECRS CRS, and 91% in ECRS (p = 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, increasing age [odds ratio (OR), 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.07; p = 0.030] and ECRS (OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 1.15-111; p = 0.038) were independently associated with bronchiectasis. Conclusions ECRS is associated with bronchiectasis. These findings suggest that T2-dominant upper airway inflammation may contribute to the structural changes in the lower airways.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{kono2026association,
  title = {{Association Between Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Bronchiectasis in a Japanese Cohort}},
  author = {Yuta Kono and Akane Masuda and Ryo Maruyama and Haruka Motohashi and Mariko Kogami and Mayuko Ishiwari and Ryota Kikuchi and Kenichi Kobayashi and Yuki Togashi and Kiyoaki Tsukahara and Shinji Abe},
  journal = {Internal Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.2169/internalmedicine.7390-26},
  url = {https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/advpub/0/advpub_7390-26/_article},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association Between Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Bronchiectasis in a Japanese Cohort
AU  - Yuta Kono
AU  - Akane Masuda
AU  - Ryo Maruyama
AU  - Haruka Motohashi
AU  - Mariko Kogami
AU  - Mayuko Ishiwari
AU  - Ryota Kikuchi
AU  - Kenichi Kobayashi
AU  - Yuki Togashi
AU  - Kiyoaki Tsukahara
AU  - Shinji Abe
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/11
JO  - Internal Medicine
DO  - 10.2169/internalmedicine.7390-26
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/advpub/0/advpub_7390-26/_article
AB  - Objective Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) frequently coexists with bronchiectasis. Among the CRS phenotypes, CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), which is predominantly characterized by type 2 (T2) inflammation, has been associated with bronchiectasis in Western populations. However, CRSwNP exhibits substantial inflammatory heterogeneity in Asia. From an inflammatory perspective, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), a clinically defined CRS phenotype reflecting T2-dominant inflammation, may be more relevant to bronchiectasis. However, this association remains unclear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥ 16 years who underwent paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) followed by chest CT at a tertiary care center. The patients were classified into three groups: non-CRS, non-ECRS CRS, and ECRS groups. The association between CRS phenotypes and the presence of bronchiectasis was evaluated. Results A total of 74 patients were included (non-CRS, n = 39; non-ECRS CRS, n = 24; and ECRS, n = 11). The prevalence of bronchiectasis differed significantly among the groups: 31% in non-CRS, 42% in non-ECRS CRS, and 91% in ECRS (p = 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, increasing age [odds ratio (OR), 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.07; p = 0.030] and ECRS (OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 1.15-111; p = 0.038) were independently associated with bronchiectasis. Conclusions ECRS is associated with bronchiectasis. These findings suggest that T2-dominant upper airway inflammation may contribute to the structural changes in the lower airways.
SN  - 1349-7235
SN  - 0918-2918
ER  -

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