External photoevaporation in the center of Tr14
15 affiliations
- 1Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA)
- 2INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio
- 3European Southern Observatory
- 4Universitäts-Sternwarte, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
- 5Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona
- 6School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin
- 7INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
- 8Universität Heidelberg, Zentrum für Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik
- 9Universität Heidelberg, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen
- 10Dipartamento di Fisica e Chimica – Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo
- 11INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo “Giuseppe Salvatore Vaiana”
- 12Department of Physics, Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University
- 13Department of Physics, Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University
- 14INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri
- 15Departamento de Fisica aplicada III, ETSI Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos
Abstract
Context. Most stars form in massive stellar clusters, where intense far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation from OB stars can accelerate the dispersal of protoplanetary disks through external photoevaporation. Quantifying the impact of this process on disk evolution remains challenging, particularly in distant and crowded star-forming regions.
Aims. We investigate the low-mass stellar population in the highly irradiated center of Trumpler 14 and examine how the local FUV radiation field influences circumstellar disk evolution.
Methods. We extracted stellar spectra from VLT/MUSE observations using an enhanced background-optimized extraction method, carefully corrected for instrumental response as a function of wavelength and finally derived the stellar parameters with the SAPSAL deep-learning framework. We combined these results with a probabilistic estimate of the local FUV field and near-infrared photometry to identify disk-bearing stars.
Results. We identify 310 bona fide cluster members with an age of 0.66 +0.73 −0.35 Myr and local radiation fields spanning log(FUV)≃4.2 − 6.0 G ₀ .
Conclusions. The fraction of stars exhibiting near-infrared excess decreases from 30% at the lowest FUV fluxes to under 5% at log(FUV)≳5.6 G ₀ , while no significant correlation is found between our simplified estimate of the optical veiling and the local FUV field. The pronounced decline in the disk fraction with ambient FUV flux provides strong evidence for external photoevaporation rapidly dispersing circumstellar disks in the core of Trumpler 14. Our results confirm previous disk dispersal estimates and extend to higher values of the FUV field strength.
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BibTeX
@article{gkimisi2026external,
title = {{External photoevaporation in the center of Tr14}},
author = {K. Gkimisi and D. E. Kang and D. Itrich and R. Anania and E. Fiorellino and S. Gavino and R. S. Klessen and V. F. Ksoll and G. Milazzo and A. F. McLeod and T. Preibisch and V. Roccatagliata and L. Testi and C. Toci},
journal = {Astronomy \& Astrophysics},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/202662479},
url = {https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202662479},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - External photoevaporation in the center of Tr14
AU - K. Gkimisi
AU - D. E. Kang
AU - D. Itrich
AU - R. Anania
AU - E. Fiorellino
AU - S. Gavino
AU - R. S. Klessen
AU - V. F. Ksoll
AU - G. Milazzo
AU - A. F. McLeod
AU - T. Preibisch
AU - V. Roccatagliata
AU - L. Testi
AU - C. Toci
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/26
JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202662479
UR - https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202662479
AB - Context. Most stars form in massive stellar clusters, where intense far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation from OB stars can accelerate the dispersal of protoplanetary disks through external photoevaporation. Quantifying the impact of this process on disk evolution remains challenging, particularly in distant and crowded star-forming regions. Aims. We investigate the low-mass stellar population in the highly irradiated center of Trumpler 14 and examine how the local FUV radiation field influences circumstellar disk evolution. Methods. We extracted stellar spectra from VLT/MUSE observations using an enhanced background-optimized extraction method, carefully corrected for instrumental response as a function of wavelength and finally derived the stellar parameters with the SAPSAL deep-learning framework. We combined these results with a probabilistic estimate of the local FUV field and near-infrared photometry to identify disk-bearing stars. Results. We identify 310 bona fide cluster members with an age of 0.66 +0.73 −0.35 Myr and local radiation fields spanning log(FUV)≃4.2 − 6.0 G ₀ . Conclusions. The fraction of stars exhibiting near-infrared excess decreases from 30% at the lowest FUV fluxes to under 5% at log(FUV)≳5.6 G ₀ , while no significant correlation is found between our simplified estimate of the optical veiling and the local FUV field. The pronounced decline in the disk fraction with ambient FUV flux provides strong evidence for external photoevaporation rapidly dispersing circumstellar disks in the core of Trumpler 14. Our results confirm previous disk dispersal estimates and extend to higher values of the FUV field strength.
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
ER -