Cosmic-Ray Signals from Dark Matter Annihilation into Scalars with Baryon Number
Abstract
Cosmic-ray antideuterons and antihelium-3 nuclei are promising probes of dark matter (DM). In light of potential detections of heavy antinuclei at AMS-02, we investigate a recently proposed scenario in which DM annihilates into color-singlet scalars carrying baryon and lepton number, which has been shown to enhance antideuteron and antihelium-3 fluxes relative to antiprotons. Accounting for Galactic propagation and detector sensitivities, we calculate the number of events predicted by our model for parameters that are compatible with the seven-year AMS-02 antiproton data. Broad regions of the DM-mediator mass plane result in observable antideuteron fluxes at AMS-02 and GAPS. While detecting antihelium-3 remains more challenging, potentially detectable fluxes can arise for light mediators and moderately light DM, and in general are enhanced relative to the standard WIMP predictions. Furthermore, we find antihelium-to-antideuteron event ratios of O(0.1), closer to those suggested by the reported AMS-02 candidate events than conventional WIMP predictions.
Related
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- SAGE26 Paper I: Modelling the baryon cycle from cosmic dawn to the present day
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BibTeX
@misc{mauro2026cosmicray,
title = {{Cosmic-Ray Signals from Dark Matter Annihilation into Scalars with Baryon Number}},
author = {Mattia Di Mauro and Caleb Gemmell and Dan Hooper and Fabrizio Vassallo},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.03785},
eprint = {2611.03785},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03785},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Cosmic-Ray Signals from Dark Matter Annihilation into Scalars with Baryon Number
AU - Mattia Di Mauro
AU - Caleb Gemmell
AU - Dan Hooper
AU - Fabrizio Vassallo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/02
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.03785
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.03785
AB - Cosmic-ray antideuterons and antihelium-3 nuclei are promising probes of dark matter (DM). In light of potential detections of heavy antinuclei at AMS-02, we investigate a recently proposed scenario in which DM annihilates into color-singlet scalars carrying baryon and lepton number, which has been shown to enhance antideuteron and antihelium-3 fluxes relative to antiprotons. Accounting for Galactic propagation and detector sensitivities, we calculate the number of events predicted by our model for parameters that are compatible with the seven-year AMS-02 antiproton data. Broad regions of the DM-mediator mass plane result in observable antideuteron fluxes at AMS-02 and GAPS. While detecting antihelium-3 remains more challenging, potentially detectable fluxes can arise for light mediators and moderately light DM, and in general are enhanced relative to the standard WIMP predictions. Furthermore, we find antihelium-to-antideuteron event ratios of O(0.1), closer to those suggested by the reported AMS-02 candidate events than conventional WIMP predictions.
ER -