Performance enhancement of 6g millimeter wave links via RIS beamforming and CDL-based channel modeling
6 affiliations
- 1GNSS & Communication Research Lab, Department of ECE, G. Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology, Kurnool, India
- 2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr K.V Subba Reddy Institute of Technology, Kurnool, India
- 3Department of CSE, K. S. School of Engineering and Management, Bengaluru, India
- 4Department of ECE, Aditya University, Surampalem, India
- 5Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, UP, India
- 6Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Abstract
Communication using millimeter waves offer large bandwidth, become one of the key components of future sixth-generation wireless (6G) network. However, high levels of path loss and blockage limit the reliability of these types of links and communication, especially in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. Recently, a novel technology known as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) has been developed to help reconfigure the wireless propagation environment through programmable electromagnetic reflection. This paper discusses how using realistic cluster-delayed-line (CDL) channel modelling can improve the performance of RIS-assisted millimeter-wave communication links. A cascaded base station (BS)-RIS-user equipment (UE) system using a propagation channel that has been modelled according to mobile radio channel characteristics from the 3GPP Technical Report (38.901) was simulated at a frequency of 28 GHz in order to study the multipath clustering, angular dispersion and delay spread effects that take place when propagating signals using a wireless or radio channel. An iterative RIS phase optimization algorithm was developed for maximizing the coherent signal power obtained by combining all of the reflected signals based on the available directional antennas operated by RIS hardware. We present performance evaluations of the RIS-assisted channel compared to performance evaluations of traditional direct based channel configurations of identical communications facilities based on analysis of communications efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, coverage probability, energy efficiency and accuracy of localization. The results show that RIS-assisted beamforming greatly improves communication performance from direct established links. For instance, when using 200 RIS elements, spectral efficiency of communication increases from approximately 2 bps/Hz to greater than 8 bps/Hz and the SNR at the receiver will have improved by almost 40 dB when using RIS technology compared to direct-established links.
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BibTeX
@article{swamy2026performance,
title = {{Performance enhancement of 6g millimeter wave links via RIS beamforming and CDL-based channel modeling}},
author = {KCT Swamy and Suman Turpati and Sivasubramanyam Medasani and Tathababu Addepalli and Bathula Ravi Chandra and Manish Sharma and Sameena Pathan},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0358851},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358851},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Performance enhancement of 6g millimeter wave links via RIS beamforming and CDL-based channel modeling
AU - KCT Swamy
AU - Suman Turpati
AU - Sivasubramanyam Medasani
AU - Tathababu Addepalli
AU - Bathula Ravi Chandra
AU - Manish Sharma
AU - Sameena Pathan
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/24
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358851
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358851
AB - Communication using millimeter waves offer large bandwidth, become one of the key components of future sixth-generation wireless (6G) network. However, high levels of path loss and blockage limit the reliability of these types of links and communication, especially in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. Recently, a novel technology known as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) has been developed to help reconfigure the wireless propagation environment through programmable electromagnetic reflection. This paper discusses how using realistic cluster-delayed-line (CDL) channel modelling can improve the performance of RIS-assisted millimeter-wave communication links. A cascaded base station (BS)-RIS-user equipment (UE) system using a propagation channel that has been modelled according to mobile radio channel characteristics from the 3GPP Technical Report (38.901) was simulated at a frequency of 28 GHz in order to study the multipath clustering, angular dispersion and delay spread effects that take place when propagating signals using a wireless or radio channel. An iterative RIS phase optimization algorithm was developed for maximizing the coherent signal power obtained by combining all of the reflected signals based on the available directional antennas operated by RIS hardware. We present performance evaluations of the RIS-assisted channel compared to performance evaluations of traditional direct based channel configurations of identical communications facilities based on analysis of communications efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, coverage probability, energy efficiency and accuracy of localization. The results show that RIS-assisted beamforming greatly improves communication performance from direct established links. For instance, when using 200 RIS elements, spectral efficiency of communication increases from approximately 2 bps/Hz to greater than 8 bps/Hz and the SNR at the receiver will have improved by almost 40 dB when using RIS technology compared to direct-established links.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -