Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions. A case study of coronal bright points in the Sun
Abstract
Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental mechanism underlying the heating and a wide variety of eruptive phenomena in the solar atmosphere; however, characterizing its 3D aspects remains challenging. Our aim is to understand how 3D magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions drives localized heating and plasma ejections. To this end, we used a self-consistent 3D radiation-MHD simulation of a coronal bright point (CBP) performed with the Bifrost code. We focused on localized, intense heating events and upflows near a unipolar CBP footpoint associated with its parasitic polarity. 3D reconnection diagnostics were carried out using the parallel electric field and its integral along magnetic field lines. We then compared the resulting upflows with spectroscopic observations from Hinode/EIS. We find recurrent episodes of 3D magnetic reconnection without nulls at the footpoints of loops rooted near the CBP's parasitic polarity. A detailed analysis of one representative event places the reconnection region at heights z=[1.0,2.5] Mm, within a predominantly vertical magnetic field with localized concentrations of electric current. The dissipation of these currents efficiently heats the plasma to about 2 MK and produces strong gas-pressure gradients that drive upflows of a few tens of km/s. Blueshifts observed with Hinode/EIS near the parasitic polarity of an observed CBP are consistent with this scenario. The recurrence of these reconnection events are essential for heating CBP loops to million-degree temperatures. This form of 3D reconnection may operate more generally in the solar atmosphere, dissipating magnetic stress around strong flux concentrations and contributing to heating in apparently unipolar regions. The resulting pressure-driven upflows offer an indirect spectroscopic diagnostic of localized reconnection heating, which future observations with MUSE and Solar-C will be able to test.
Versions
Related
- Heating of Solar Coronal Loops by Converging Unipolar Magnetic Flux: Evidence from SDO Observations and a Radiative MHD Simulation
- Are E>B regions essential for particle injection in relativistic magnetic reconnection?
- Revisiting the Role of Global Magnetic Variables in Coronal Heating of Solar Active Regions
- Guide field effects on particle acceleration in three-dimensional relativistic magnetic reconnection
- Relative Helicity as a Topological Diagnostic of Three-dimensional Magnetic Null Reconnection Regimes
BibTeX
@misc{nobregasiverio2026threedimensional,
title = {{Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions. A case study of coronal bright points in the Sun}},
author = {D. Nóbrega-Siverio and F. Moreno-Insertis and A. S. H. To},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.06524},
eprint = {2610.06524},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.06524},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions. A case study of coronal bright points in the Sun
AU - D. Nóbrega-Siverio
AU - F. Moreno-Insertis
AU - A. S. H. To
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/05
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.06524
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.06524
AB - Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental mechanism underlying the heating and a wide variety of eruptive phenomena in the solar atmosphere; however, characterizing its 3D aspects remains challenging. Our aim is to understand how 3D magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions drives localized heating and plasma ejections. To this end, we used a self-consistent 3D radiation-MHD simulation of a coronal bright point (CBP) performed with the Bifrost code. We focused on localized, intense heating events and upflows near a unipolar CBP footpoint associated with its parasitic polarity. 3D reconnection diagnostics were carried out using the parallel electric field and its integral along magnetic field lines. We then compared the resulting upflows with spectroscopic observations from Hinode/EIS. We find recurrent episodes of 3D magnetic reconnection without nulls at the footpoints of loops rooted near the CBP's parasitic polarity. A detailed analysis of one representative event places the reconnection region at heights z=[1.0,2.5] Mm, within a predominantly vertical magnetic field with localized concentrations of electric current. The dissipation of these currents efficiently heats the plasma to about 2 MK and produces strong gas-pressure gradients that drive upflows of a few tens of km/s. Blueshifts observed with Hinode/EIS near the parasitic polarity of an observed CBP are consistent with this scenario. The recurrence of these reconnection events are essential for heating CBP loops to million-degree temperatures. This form of 3D reconnection may operate more generally in the solar atmosphere, dissipating magnetic stress around strong flux concentrations and contributing to heating in apparently unipolar regions. The resulting pressure-driven upflows offer an indirect spectroscopic diagnostic of localized reconnection heating, which future observations with MUSE and Solar-C will be able to test.
ER -