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Peer-reviewedCC BYLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

Self-Assembly Versus Surface Charge: Interfacial Response of Ionic Liquids.

  • Georgia A Pilkington1
  • Oliver S Hammond1,2,3,4,5
  • Erik Bergendal1
  • Anna Oleshkevych1
  • Stuart J Brown1,6
  • Sichao Li1
  • Andrew Nelson7
  • Liliana de Campo7
  • Rebecca Welbourn8
  • Akepati Bhaskar Reddy9
  • Manishkumar R Shimpi3,10
  • Sergei Glavatskih5,9,11
2 more authors
  • Anja-Verena Mudring3,4,12
  • Mark W Rutland1,5,6,13,14
14 affiliations
  1. 1Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44Stockholm, Sweden.
  2. 2European Spallation Source, Data Management & Scientific Computing, Asmussens Allé 305, Kongens Lyngby, 2800Hovedstaden, Denmark.
  3. 3Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, StockholmSE-114 18, Sweden.
  4. 4Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, AarhusN 8200, Denmark.
  5. 5School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia.
  6. 6Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44Stockholm, Sweden.
  7. 7Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Sydney, NSW2234, Australia.
  8. 8ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OxfordshireOX11 0QX, U.K.
  9. 9System and Component Design, Department of Engineering Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44Stockholm, Sweden.
  10. 10Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Universitetsområdet, Luleå97187, Norrbotten, Sweden.
  11. 11Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, B-9052Ghent, Belgium.
  12. 12Department of Physics, Umeå University, 907 36Umeå, Sweden.
  13. 13Surfaces, Processes and Formulation, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-100 44Stockholm, Sweden.
  14. 14Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique Des Systèmes, École Centrale de Lyon, Écully, Lyon69134, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France.
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Abstract

The bulk and surface charge-driven interfacial structuring of two 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium (C10C1Im) orthoborate ionic liquids (ILs), dispersed at various concentrations in the polar aprotic solvent propylene carbonate (PC), were studied using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and neutron reflectivity (NR). In the bulk, the larger bis(mandelato)borate anion reduced the self-assembly capabilities of the blend relative to bis(oxalate)borate. At a charged Au electrode interface, a distinct interfacial region was detected in all the IL mixtures studied, which was attributed to two interdigitated bilayers of the cation, containing intercalated anions and solvent, and with bulk IL concentration dependence. Under applied potential, higher concentrations showed clear anion effects on the electro-structuring, whereas dilute solutions were anion independent. The complex bulk and electro-responsive interfacial structuring of such self-assembling IL systems in polar media are pertinent to the application of ILs as designer electrolytes for advanced electrochemical technologies, including next-generation batteries and control over the electrical double layer in capacitors.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{pilkington2026selfassembly,
  title = {{Self-Assembly Versus Surface Charge: Interfacial Response of Ionic Liquids.}},
  author = {Georgia A Pilkington and Oliver S Hammond and Erik Bergendal and Anna Oleshkevych and Stuart J Brown and Sichao Li and Andrew Nelson and Liliana de Campo and Rebecca Welbourn and Akepati Bhaskar Reddy and Manishkumar R Shimpi and Sergei Glavatskih and Anja-Verena Mudring and Mark W Rutland},
  journal = {Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c03265},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42916807},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Self-Assembly Versus Surface Charge: Interfacial Response of Ionic Liquids.
AU  - Georgia A Pilkington
AU  - Oliver S Hammond
AU  - Erik Bergendal
AU  - Anna Oleshkevych
AU  - Stuart J Brown
AU  - Sichao Li
AU  - Andrew Nelson
AU  - Liliana de Campo
AU  - Rebecca Welbourn
AU  - Akepati Bhaskar Reddy
AU  - Manishkumar R Shimpi
AU  - Sergei Glavatskih
AU  - Anja-Verena Mudring
AU  - Mark W Rutland
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
JO  - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
DO  - 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c03265
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42916807
AB  - The bulk and surface charge-driven interfacial structuring of two 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium (C10C1Im) orthoborate ionic liquids (ILs), dispersed at various concentrations in the polar aprotic solvent propylene carbonate (PC), were studied using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and neutron reflectivity (NR). In the bulk, the larger bis(mandelato)borate anion reduced the self-assembly capabilities of the blend relative to bis(oxalate)borate. At a charged Au electrode interface, a distinct interfacial region was detected in all the IL mixtures studied, which was attributed to two interdigitated bilayers of the cation, containing intercalated anions and solvent, and with bulk IL concentration dependence. Under applied potential, higher concentrations showed clear anion effects on the electro-structuring, whereas dilute solutions were anion independent. The complex bulk and electro-responsive interfacial structuring of such self-assembling IL systems in polar media are pertinent to the application of ILs as designer electrolytes for advanced electrochemical technologies, including next-generation batteries and control over the electrical double layer in capacitors.
SN  - 0743-7463
SN  - 1520-5827
ER  -