Bridging the gap between SLSNe and SE-SNe. Multi-wavelength analysis of the SLSN-Ib SN 2024jlc
Abstract
The Type I super-luminous supernova SN~2024jlc (ZTF24aapadbb) exploded on the 25th of May 2024 at z = 0.039. Being the closest supernova of this class discovered in recent years and one of the closest ever, represented a rare opportunity to study in detail this type of objects. We performed a multi-wavelength analysis, spanning ten orders of magnitude in frequency, including optical/UV photometry and spectroscopy, soft and hard X-rays, and high-energy γ-rays. We characterized the event as a slow-evolving and He-rich supernova, with one of the lowest peak luminosities reported for a super-luminous event Mg∼−19.37 mag, and a light curve evolution compatible with both circumstellar interaction and magnetar spin-down models, with noticeable contribution from 56Ni decay. No significant excess was found in the soft and hard X-ray bands, for which we provide upper-limits on the flux. Additionally, we analyzed two years of \textit{Fermi}-LAT data, from which we report an intriguing hint of a γ-ray signal at the ∼ 3.6 σ level, although no firm detection can be claimed. The gamma to optical efficiency ratio, η= 0.38, is suggestive of the presence of a central-engine scenario, similar to SN~2017egm. Our analysis suggests that SN~2024jlc could bridge the gap between SLSNe and classical stripped-envelope supernovae. While still poorly populated, this bridge could consist of all SLSN-Ib supernovae, with the key difference residing in the powering mechanism.
Versions
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BibTeX
@article{simongini2026bridging,
title = {{Bridging the gap between SLSNe and SE-SNe. Multi-wavelength analysis of the SLSN-Ib SN 2024jlc}},
author = {A Simongini and F Acero and M Imbrogno and J.L Wise and J Sollerman and S Schulze and N. Paul M Kuin and T.X Chen and C Fremling and A Gangopadhyay and M.M Kasliwal and R.R Laher and Z Mcgrath and D.A Perley and J.N Purdum and N Rehemtulla and R.M Rich and R Riddle},
journal = {Astron.Astrophys.},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/202659680},
eprint = {2607.01053},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05734260v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Bridging the gap between SLSNe and SE-SNe. Multi-wavelength analysis of the SLSN-Ib SN 2024jlc
AU - A Simongini
AU - F Acero
AU - M Imbrogno
AU - J.L Wise
AU - J Sollerman
AU - S Schulze
AU - N. Paul M Kuin
AU - T.X Chen
AU - C Fremling
AU - A Gangopadhyay
AU - M.M Kasliwal
AU - R.R Laher
AU - Z Mcgrath
AU - D.A Perley
AU - J.N Purdum
AU - N Rehemtulla
AU - R.M Rich
AU - R Riddle
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
JO - Astron.Astrophys.
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202659680
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05734260v1
AB - The Type I super-luminous supernova SN~2024jlc (ZTF24aapadbb) exploded on the 25th of May 2024 at z = 0.039. Being the closest supernova of this class discovered in recent years and one of the closest ever, represented a rare opportunity to study in detail this type of objects. We performed a multi-wavelength analysis, spanning ten orders of magnitude in frequency, including optical/UV photometry and spectroscopy, soft and hard X-rays, and high-energy γ-rays. We characterized the event as a slow-evolving and He-rich supernova, with one of the lowest peak luminosities reported for a super-luminous event M_g∼−19.37 mag, and a light curve evolution compatible with both circumstellar interaction and magnetar spin-down models, with noticeable contribution from ^56Ni decay. No significant excess was found in the soft and hard X-ray bands, for which we provide upper-limits on the flux. Additionally, we analyzed two years of \textit{Fermi}-LAT data, from which we report an intriguing hint of a γ-ray signal at the ∼ 3.6 σ level, although no firm detection can be claimed. The gamma to optical efficiency ratio, η= 0.38, is suggestive of the presence of a central-engine scenario, similar to SN~2017egm. Our analysis suggests that SN~2024jlc could bridge the gap between SLSNe and classical stripped-envelope supernovae. While still poorly populated, this bridge could consist of all SLSN-Ib supernovae, with the key difference residing in the powering mechanism.
ER -