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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Socioeconomic deprivation and dementia risk in New Zealand: A modelling study

  • Etuini Ma’u1,2
  • Nicholas Rush1
  • Jade Tamatea2,3
  • Malakai ‘Ofanoa4
  • Sebastian Walsh5
  • Gill Livingston6,7
  • Naaheed Mukadam6,7
  • Gary Cheung1,8
  • Sarah Cullum1,9
9 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
  2. 2Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
  3. 3Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, University of Auckland, New Zealand
  4. 4School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
  5. 5Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK
  6. 6Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK
  7. 7North London NHS Foundation Trust, St Pancras Hospital, London, UK
  8. 8Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai Auckland, New Zealand
  9. 9Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract

Introduction:: We aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction for dementia associated with neighbourhood deprivation and the potential impact of reducing deprivation on dementia prevalence over time.

Methods:: We calculated the population attributable fraction across Aotearoa New Zealand for 13 risks (less education, hypertension, obesity, smoking, depression, physical inactivity, social isolation, diabetes, excessive alcohol, air pollution, hearing loss, vision loss, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) stratified by deprivation and ethnicity. We modelled the impact of reducing deprivation on dementia prevalence over 30 years.

Results:: Population attributable fraction increased with deprivation, from 36.0% in the least deprived to 45.8% in the most deprived quintile. Modelled reductions in deprivation were predicted to produce greater dementia prevalence reductions at all time points for Māori and Pacific peoples compared to Europeans.

Discussion:: Dementia prevention potential increases as deprivation increases. The impact of reducing deprivation increases over 30 years. Projected benefits are disproportionately greater in populations in areas of higher deprivation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{mau2026socioeconomic,
  title = {{Socioeconomic deprivation and dementia risk in New Zealand: A modelling study}},
  author = {Etuini Ma’u and Nicholas Rush and Jade Tamatea and Malakai ‘Ofanoa and Sebastian Walsh and Gill Livingston and Naaheed Mukadam and Gary Cheung and Sarah Cullum},
  journal = {The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.1177/00048674261470616},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674261470616},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Socioeconomic deprivation and dementia risk in New Zealand: A modelling study
AU  - Etuini Ma’u
AU  - Nicholas Rush
AU  - Jade Tamatea
AU  - Malakai ‘Ofanoa
AU  - Sebastian Walsh
AU  - Gill Livingston
AU  - Naaheed Mukadam
AU  - Gary Cheung
AU  - Sarah Cullum
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/02
JO  - The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
DO  - 10.1177/00048674261470616
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674261470616
AB  - Introduction:: We aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction for dementia associated with neighbourhood deprivation and the potential impact of reducing deprivation on dementia prevalence over time.  Methods:: We calculated the population attributable fraction across Aotearoa New Zealand for 13 risks (less education, hypertension, obesity, smoking, depression, physical inactivity, social isolation, diabetes, excessive alcohol, air pollution, hearing loss, vision loss, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) stratified by deprivation and ethnicity. We modelled the impact of reducing deprivation on dementia prevalence over 30 years.  Results:: Population attributable fraction increased with deprivation, from 36.0% in the least deprived to 45.8% in the most deprived quintile. Modelled reductions in deprivation were predicted to produce greater dementia prevalence reductions at all time points for Māori and Pacific peoples compared to Europeans.  Discussion:: Dementia prevention potential increases as deprivation increases. The impact of reducing deprivation increases over 30 years. Projected benefits are disproportionately greater in populations in areas of higher deprivation.
SN  - 0004-8674
SN  - 1440-1614
ER  -