High-fidelity geometric quantum gates exceeding 99.9% in germanium quantum dots
Abstract
Achieving high-fidelity and robust qubit manipulations is a crucial requirement for realizing faulttolerant quantum computation. Here, we demonstrate a single-hole spin qubit in a germanium quantum dot and characterize its control fidelity using gate set tomography. The maximum control fidelities reach 97.48%, 99.81%, 99.88% for the I, X/2 and Y /2 gate, respectively. These results reveal that off-resonance noise during consecutive I gates in gate set tomography sequences severely limits qubit performance. Therefore, we introduce geometric quantum computation to realize noiseresilient qubit manipulation. The geometric gate control fidelities remain above 99% across a wide range of Rabi frequencies. The maximum fidelity surpasses 99.9%. Furthermore, the fidelities of geometric X/2 and Y /2 (I) gates exceed 99% even when detuning the microwave frequency by +-2.5 MHz (+-1.2 MHz), highlighting the noise-resilient feature. These results demonstrate that geometric quantum computation is a potential method for achieving high-fidelity qubit manipulation reproducibly in semiconductor quantum computation.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{zhou2026highfidelity,
title = {{High-fidelity geometric quantum gates exceeding 99.9% in germanium quantum dots}},
author = {Yu-Chen Zhou and Rong-Long Ma and Zhenzhen Kong and Ao-Ran Li and Chengxian Zhang and Xin Zhang and Yang Liu and Hao-Tian Jiang and Zhi-Tao Wu and Gui-Lei Wang and Gang Cao and Guang-Can Guo and Hai-Ou Li and Guo-Ping Guo},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.33251},
eprint = {2609.33251},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.33251},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - High-fidelity geometric quantum gates exceeding 99.9% in germanium quantum dots
AU - Yu-Chen Zhou
AU - Rong-Long Ma
AU - Zhenzhen Kong
AU - Ao-Ran Li
AU - Chengxian Zhang
AU - Xin Zhang
AU - Yang Liu
AU - Hao-Tian Jiang
AU - Zhi-Tao Wu
AU - Gui-Lei Wang
AU - Gang Cao
AU - Guang-Can Guo
AU - Hai-Ou Li
AU - Guo-Ping Guo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/27
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.33251
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.33251
AB - Achieving high-fidelity and robust qubit manipulations is a crucial requirement for realizing faulttolerant quantum computation. Here, we demonstrate a single-hole spin qubit in a germanium quantum dot and characterize its control fidelity using gate set tomography. The maximum control fidelities reach 97.48%, 99.81%, 99.88% for the I, X/2 and Y /2 gate, respectively. These results reveal that off-resonance noise during consecutive I gates in gate set tomography sequences severely limits qubit performance. Therefore, we introduce geometric quantum computation to realize noiseresilient qubit manipulation. The geometric gate control fidelities remain above 99% across a wide range of Rabi frequencies. The maximum fidelity surpasses 99.9%. Furthermore, the fidelities of geometric X/2 and Y /2 (I) gates exceed 99% even when detuning the microwave frequency by +-2.5 MHz (+-1.2 MHz), highlighting the noise-resilient feature. These results demonstrate that geometric quantum computation is a potential method for achieving high-fidelity qubit manipulation reproducibly in semiconductor quantum computation.
ER -