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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC 3.0Chemical Science

Single-component dual emission and full-spectrum color tuning from through-space charge transfer in asymmetric [2.2]paracyclophanes

  • Karla D. Hernandez Gomora1,2
  • Bhargava R. Jogi2,3
  • Philip Hadjipetkov1,2
  • Jack Shumway1
  • Samreen Ahmad1
  • Hayden Moody1
  • Dundappa Mumbaraddi1,2
  • Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada2,3
  • Cedric Schaack1,2
  1. 1Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University Winston-Salem North Carolina 27109 USA
  2. 2Center for Functional Materials, Wake Forest University Winston-Salem North Carolina 27109 USA
  3. 3Department of Physics, Wake Forest University Winston-Salem North Carolina 27109 USA
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Abstract

Organic fluorophores are typically limited to a single emission color, because rapid relaxation funnels the excited population to one minimum before it emits. We report asymmetric pseudo-para [2.2]paracyclophanes that break this limit by placing a diphenylaniline donor and a triazine or cyano acceptor on opposite rings of the cyclophane. The rigid transannular contact supports an intramolecular through-space charge-transfer state that is populated alongside the locally excited state, so a single molecule emits from two states at once. Both emissive states here are intramolecular: their combined emission is invariant on dilution to 10−8 M and persists in a rigid polymer matrix. By utilizing solvent polarity to alter the thermodynamic equilibrium between these states, we demonstrate continuous color tuning across the visible spectrum, including the generation of single-molecule white light with CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.32). Furthermore, we report a negative thermal quenching effect, in which the emission intensity rises rather than falls on heating, achieving photoluminescence quantum yields as high as 88%, a response documented in inorganic phosphors and semiconductors but rare among discrete organic emitters in solution. Translating thermal and dielectric fluctuations into ratiometric spectral readouts positions cyclophanes as a general scaffold for stimuli-responsive optoelectronics.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{gomora2026singlecomponent,
  title = {{Single-component dual emission and full-spectrum color tuning from through-space charge transfer in asymmetric [2.2]paracyclophanes}},
  author = {Karla D. Hernandez Gomora and Bhargava R. Jogi and Philip Hadjipetkov and Jack Shumway and Samreen Ahmad and Hayden Moody and Dundappa Mumbaraddi and Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada and Cedric Schaack},
  journal = {Chemical Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1039/d6sc06531g},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc06531g},
  note = {CC BY-NC 3.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Single-component dual emission and full-spectrum color tuning from through-space charge transfer in asymmetric [2.2]paracyclophanes
AU  - Karla D. Hernandez Gomora
AU  - Bhargava R. Jogi
AU  - Philip Hadjipetkov
AU  - Jack Shumway
AU  - Samreen Ahmad
AU  - Hayden Moody
AU  - Dundappa Mumbaraddi
AU  - Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada
AU  - Cedric Schaack
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/20
JO  - Chemical Science
DO  - 10.1039/d6sc06531g
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc06531g
AB  - Organic fluorophores are typically limited to a single emission color, because rapid relaxation funnels the excited population to one minimum before it emits. We report asymmetric pseudo-para [2.2]paracyclophanes that break this limit by placing a diphenylaniline donor and a triazine or cyano acceptor on opposite rings of the cyclophane. The rigid transannular contact supports an intramolecular through-space charge-transfer state that is populated alongside the locally excited state, so a single molecule emits from two states at once. Both emissive states here are intramolecular: their combined emission is invariant on dilution to 10−8 M and persists in a rigid polymer matrix. By utilizing solvent polarity to alter the thermodynamic equilibrium between these states, we demonstrate continuous color tuning across the visible spectrum, including the generation of single-molecule white light with CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.32). Furthermore, we report a negative thermal quenching effect, in which the emission intensity rises rather than falls on heating, achieving photoluminescence quantum yields as high as 88%, a response documented in inorganic phosphors and semiconductors but rare among discrete organic emitters in solution. Translating thermal and dielectric fluctuations into ratiometric spectral readouts positions cyclophanes as a general scaffold for stimuli-responsive optoelectronics.
SN  - 2041-6520
SN  - 2041-6539
ER  -