Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein, RANK Ligand, and Osteoprotegerin in Periodontal Health, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- 1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye.
- 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) modulates the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system in periodontal cells in vitro but has not been measured in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). This study compared GCF PTHrP, RANKL, and OPG across periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 81 participants with periodontal health, gingivitis, or stage III grade B periodontitis (n = 27 each). GCF was collected from two interproximal sites per participant. PTHrP, RANKL, and OPG were quantified by ELISA and expressed as total amount per site and concentration. Group comparisons were repeated with adjustment for age and sex. Results: PTHrP total amount differed between all three groups, with values of 4.26 ± 2.96, 12.45 ± 5.77, and 19.67 ± 4.59 pg/site in periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, respectively (p < 0.001). RANKL total amount did not differ among groups (median: 51.40, 51.40, and 51.78 pg/site; p = 0.977). OPG total amount was lower (median: 53.36, 46.70, and 46.70 pg/site; p < 0.001) and the RANKL/OPG ratio higher (median: 0.98, 1.10, and 1.14; p < 0.001) in both disease groups than in periodontal health. After adjustment, PTHrP and OPG differences persisted, whereas no pairwise difference in the RANKL/OPG ratio remained significant. PTHrP correlated negatively with OPG (r = -0.530) and positively with the RANKL/OPG ratio (r = 0.481; both adjusted p < 0.001). Conclusions: GCF PTHrP total amount differed between periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, with the highest values in periodontitis. These cross-sectional findings identify an association between GCF PTHrP and periodontal status but do not establish a causal role for PTHrP in periodontal tissue breakdown.
Related
- Salivary growth differentiation factor-15 is elevated with reduced gingival crevicular fluid SMAD5 and SMAD6 levels in periodontitis: a cross-sectional study
- Generative Artificial Intelligence in Periodontology: Application of OpenAI Models for the Classification of Periodontitis and Risk Assessment in Patients Undergoing Supportive Periodontal Care
- Immunomodulatory effects of high versus low intensity diode laser as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis.
- Assessment of Salivary Nitric Oxide Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Periodontitis Before and After Phase I Periodontal Treatment Consisting of Scaling and Root Planing: A Clinical and Biochemical Study
- Investigating the impact of allicin on periodontal tissue in rats with periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
BibTeX
@article{yıldıran2026gingival,
title = {{Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein, RANK Ligand, and Osteoprotegerin in Periodontal Health, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.}},
author = {Bilge Meracı Yıldıran and Nuray Ercan and Esra Ateş Yıldırım and Zeynep Akgül and Özgür Mehmet Yis},
journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/jcm15197752},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42882213},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein, RANK Ligand, and Osteoprotegerin in Periodontal Health, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.
AU - Bilge Meracı Yıldıran
AU - Nuray Ercan
AU - Esra Ateş Yıldırım
AU - Zeynep Akgül
AU - Özgür Mehmet Yis
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - Journal of clinical medicine
DO - 10.3390/jcm15197752
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42882213
AB - Background/Objectives: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) modulates the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system in periodontal cells in vitro but has not been measured in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). This study compared GCF PTHrP, RANKL, and OPG across periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 81 participants with periodontal health, gingivitis, or stage III grade B periodontitis (n = 27 each). GCF was collected from two interproximal sites per participant. PTHrP, RANKL, and OPG were quantified by ELISA and expressed as total amount per site and concentration. Group comparisons were repeated with adjustment for age and sex. Results: PTHrP total amount differed between all three groups, with values of 4.26 ± 2.96, 12.45 ± 5.77, and 19.67 ± 4.59 pg/site in periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, respectively (p < 0.001). RANKL total amount did not differ among groups (median: 51.40, 51.40, and 51.78 pg/site; p = 0.977). OPG total amount was lower (median: 53.36, 46.70, and 46.70 pg/site; p < 0.001) and the RANKL/OPG ratio higher (median: 0.98, 1.10, and 1.14; p < 0.001) in both disease groups than in periodontal health. After adjustment, PTHrP and OPG differences persisted, whereas no pairwise difference in the RANKL/OPG ratio remained significant. PTHrP correlated negatively with OPG (r = -0.530) and positively with the RANKL/OPG ratio (r = 0.481; both adjusted p < 0.001). Conclusions: GCF PTHrP total amount differed between periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, with the highest values in periodontitis. These cross-sectional findings identify an association between GCF PTHrP and periodontal status but do not establish a causal role for PTHrP in periodontal tissue breakdown.
SN - 2077-0383
ER -