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Peer-reviewedCC BYBiological Control

Pea root- and nodule-derived endophytic bacteria suppress Fusarium culmorum disease and promote durum wheat growth

  • Sara Khouidi1
  • Houda ElYacoubi2
  • Amina Manni3
  • Abdelghani Aboukhalaf2
  • Jamila Riyahi2
  • Soukaina AitHaddou2
  • Asmaa ElYamani2
  • Khaoula Habbadi4
  • Atmane Rochdi2
4 affiliations
  1. 1Natural Resources & Sustainable Development Laboratory, ‘‘AgroPhysiology, Biotechnologies & Environment’’ Research Team, Faculty of sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco; Corresponding author.
  2. 2Natural Resources & Sustainable Development Laboratory, ‘‘AgroPhysiology, Biotechnologies & Environment’’ Research Team, Faculty of sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco
  3. 3Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Centre of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
  4. 4Phytobacteriolgy & Biological Control Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Morocco
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Abstract

Fusarium culmorum is an important wheat pathogen that can cause substantial crop losses. This study evaluated culturable endophytic bacteria isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.) as potential biocontrol agents against F. culmorum and promoters of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) growth. Among 40 bacterial isolates, Y14, K12 and Y34 were selected based on their antagonistic activity. Partial 16S rRNA gene analysis placed Y14 and K12 within the genus Lysinibacillus and Y34 within Serratia, leading to their conservative designation as Lysinibacillus sp. Y14, Lysinibacillus sp. K12 and Serratia sp. Y34. Direct-confrontation inhibition ranged from 66.77 % to 89.23 %, whereas volatile-mediated inhibition ranged from 21.15 % to 59.21 %. Cell-free filtrates from all three isolates completely suppressed measurable fungal growth. The isolates also exhibited hydrolytic enzyme activities and multiple plant growth-promoting traits, including phosphate solubilization, positive qualitative reactions for putative indole-3-acetic acid and ammonia production, and moderate hydrogen cyanide production. Under greenhouse conditions, disease incidence decreased from 100 % in the pathogen control to 35 %, 25 % and 20 % in plants treated with Y34, K12 and Y14, respectively, corresponding to incidence reductions of 65 %, 75 % and 80 %. Pairwise comparisons indicated that disease incidence was lower in the K12 and Y14 treatments than in the pathogen control (p < 0.05), whereas Y34 produced an intermediate response. In bacteria-only treatments, all three isolates increased every measured wheat growth variable relative to the healthy control (p < 0.05), with K12 generally producing the greatest effects. These isolates therefore represent promising candidates for the biological control of F. culmorum and the promotion of durum wheat growth, although their efficacy and biosafety require confirmation through independent greenhouse and field trials.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{khouidi2026root,
  title = {{Pea root- and nodule-derived endophytic bacteria suppress Fusarium culmorum disease and promote durum wheat growth}},
  author = {Sara Khouidi and Houda ElYacoubi and Amina Manni and Abdelghani Aboukhalaf and Jamila Riyahi and Soukaina AitHaddou and Asmaa ElYamani and Khaoula Habbadi and Atmane Rochdi},
  journal = {Biological Control},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.106178},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.106178},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pea root- and nodule-derived endophytic bacteria suppress Fusarium culmorum disease and promote durum wheat growth
AU  - Sara Khouidi
AU  - Houda ElYacoubi
AU  - Amina Manni
AU  - Abdelghani Aboukhalaf
AU  - Jamila Riyahi
AU  - Soukaina AitHaddou
AU  - Asmaa ElYamani
AU  - Khaoula Habbadi
AU  - Atmane Rochdi
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - Biological Control
DO  - 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.106178
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.106178
AB  - Fusarium culmorum is an important wheat pathogen that can cause substantial crop losses. This study evaluated culturable endophytic bacteria isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.) as potential biocontrol agents against F. culmorum and promoters of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) growth. Among 40 bacterial isolates, Y14, K12 and Y34 were selected based on their antagonistic activity. Partial 16S rRNA gene analysis placed Y14 and K12 within the genus Lysinibacillus and Y34 within Serratia, leading to their conservative designation as Lysinibacillus sp. Y14, Lysinibacillus sp. K12 and Serratia sp. Y34. Direct-confrontation inhibition ranged from 66.77 % to 89.23 %, whereas volatile-mediated inhibition ranged from 21.15 % to 59.21 %. Cell-free filtrates from all three isolates completely suppressed measurable fungal growth. The isolates also exhibited hydrolytic enzyme activities and multiple plant growth-promoting traits, including phosphate solubilization, positive qualitative reactions for putative indole-3-acetic acid and ammonia production, and moderate hydrogen cyanide production. Under greenhouse conditions, disease incidence decreased from 100 % in the pathogen control to 35 %, 25 % and 20 % in plants treated with Y34, K12 and Y14, respectively, corresponding to incidence reductions of 65 %, 75 % and 80 %. Pairwise comparisons indicated that disease incidence was lower in the K12 and Y14 treatments than in the pathogen control (p < 0.05), whereas Y34 produced an intermediate response. In bacteria-only treatments, all three isolates increased every measured wheat growth variable relative to the healthy control (p < 0.05), with K12 generally producing the greatest effects. These isolates therefore represent promising candidates for the biological control of F. culmorum and the promotion of durum wheat growth, although their efficacy and biosafety require confirmation through independent greenhouse and field trials.
SN  - 1049-9644
SN  - 1090-2112
ER  -