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Peer-reviewedCC BYViruses

Development and Efficacy Determination of an Attenuated Vaccine Against Channel Catfish Virus.

  • Suja Aarattuthodi1
  • Lester Khoo2
  • Nicholas Phelps3
  • Ganesh Kumar4
  • Kuttichantran Subramaniam5
  • Brian Bosworth6
6 affiliations
  1. 1United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
  2. 2Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 39762, USA.
  3. 3Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
  4. 4Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
  5. 5College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
  6. 6Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit, United States-Department of Agriculture-ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
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Abstract

Catfish aquaculture is the largest domestic sector of the U.S. aquaculture industry. Intensive aquaculture production systems are vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks, resulting in significant economic losses. Catfish herpesviruses cause substantial mortality in catfish fry and fingerlings. Channel catfish virus (CCV) causes acute hemorrhagic infection and mortalities in catfish during the hatchery and nursery phases of production. Considering the key role of the catfish industry in U.S. aquaculture, it is imperative to control disease-related fish losses. Vaccines are considered the most effective proactive disease management strategy against viral infections. An attenuated CCV vaccine was developed by serial subculturing (P41) of the wild-type virus in channel catfish ovary (CCO/BB) cell cultures. This attenuated vaccine was administered via immersion to channel and hybrid catfish fingerlings. Thirty days post-immunization, the immunized and non-immunized fish were exposed to wild-type CCV. The percent survival was significantly higher in the immunized channel (96%) and hybrid (98%) catfish compared to the non-immunized group, confirming the protective immunity conferred by the attenuated vaccine. Initial trials suggest that the attenuated CCV vaccine developed in this study was found to be efficacious in reducing CCV-associated mortalities in catfish fingerlings. Further trials are needed to assess the safety of the vaccine.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{aarattuthodi2026development,
  title = {{Development and Efficacy Determination of an Attenuated Vaccine Against Channel Catfish Virus.}},
  author = {Suja Aarattuthodi and Lester Khoo and Nicholas Phelps and Ganesh Kumar and Kuttichantran Subramaniam and Brian Bosworth},
  journal = {Viruses},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/v18101152},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944071},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development and Efficacy Determination of an Attenuated Vaccine Against Channel Catfish Virus.
AU  - Suja Aarattuthodi
AU  - Lester Khoo
AU  - Nicholas Phelps
AU  - Ganesh Kumar
AU  - Kuttichantran Subramaniam
AU  - Brian Bosworth
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/17
JO  - Viruses
DO  - 10.3390/v18101152
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944071
AB  - Catfish aquaculture is the largest domestic sector of the U.S. aquaculture industry. Intensive aquaculture production systems are vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks, resulting in significant economic losses. Catfish herpesviruses cause substantial mortality in catfish fry and fingerlings. Channel catfish virus (CCV) causes acute hemorrhagic infection and mortalities in catfish during the hatchery and nursery phases of production. Considering the key role of the catfish industry in U.S. aquaculture, it is imperative to control disease-related fish losses. Vaccines are considered the most effective proactive disease management strategy against viral infections. An attenuated CCV vaccine was developed by serial subculturing (P41) of the wild-type virus in channel catfish ovary (CCO/BB) cell cultures. This attenuated vaccine was administered via immersion to channel and hybrid catfish fingerlings. Thirty days post-immunization, the immunized and non-immunized fish were exposed to wild-type CCV. The percent survival was significantly higher in the immunized channel (96%) and hybrid (98%) catfish compared to the non-immunized group, confirming the protective immunity conferred by the attenuated vaccine. Initial trials suggest that the attenuated CCV vaccine developed in this study was found to be efficacious in reducing CCV-associated mortalities in catfish fingerlings. Further trials are needed to assess the safety of the vaccine.
SN  - 1999-4915
ER  -