Severe Brain Atrophy after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient Suffering from Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with serious neurological sequelae in some patients. We herein present the case of a 30-year-old man who developed brain atrophy, especially in the bilateral medial temporal lobes approximately one year after undergoing HSCT for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Together with myositis, which he concurrently experienced, and after ruling out other etiologies, the central nervous system (CNS) manifestations were considered to be chronic graft-versus-host disease. Both manifestations were refractory to steroid treatment and progressed when the patient was on ibrutinib. Previous reports on CNS complications of HSCT have been thoroughly reviewed, and the need for active surveillance and assessment of transplantation-related CNS alterations is also discussed.
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BibTeX
@article{masuda2026severe,
title = {{Severe Brain Atrophy after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient Suffering from Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease}},
author = {Yasutaka Masuda and Akira Honda and Reo Yoshioka and Yusuke Baba and Atsushi Sudo and Tatsushi Toda and Mineo Kurokawa},
journal = {Internal Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.2169/internalmedicine.5714-25},
url = {https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/65/18/65_5714-25/_article},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Severe Brain Atrophy after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient Suffering from Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease
AU - Yasutaka Masuda
AU - Akira Honda
AU - Reo Yoshioka
AU - Yusuke Baba
AU - Atsushi Sudo
AU - Tatsushi Toda
AU - Mineo Kurokawa
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/15
JO - Internal Medicine
DO - 10.2169/internalmedicine.5714-25
UR - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/65/18/65_5714-25/_article
AB - Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with serious neurological sequelae in some patients. We herein present the case of a 30-year-old man who developed brain atrophy, especially in the bilateral medial temporal lobes approximately one year after undergoing HSCT for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Together with myositis, which he concurrently experienced, and after ruling out other etiologies, the central nervous system (CNS) manifestations were considered to be chronic graft-versus-host disease. Both manifestations were refractory to steroid treatment and progressed when the patient was on ibrutinib. Previous reports on CNS complications of HSCT have been thoroughly reviewed, and the need for active surveillance and assessment of transplantation-related CNS alterations is also discussed.
SN - 1349-7235
SN - 0918-2918
ER -