Analysis of asymmetric errors in NISQ experiments

Abstract

This paper continues our analysis of NISQ experiments and especially the Google 2019 ``quantum supremacy" experiment. In arXiv:2008.05177 we proposed statistical tools to analyze symmetric and asymmetric readout errors, and the symmetric case was extensively developed and studied in arXiv:2404.00935, where we used Fourier methods combined with statistical tools. Here we extend and complement our earlier study and analyze asymmetric readout errors for data from experiments and simulations. Our study was further motivated by a paper by Fefferman et al. arXiv:2306.16659, who showed that the effect of amplitude damping gate errors is to have larger fractions of zeroes in the samples produced by the quantum computer. We show that this effect of gate errors is not observed in the Google experimental data, where, for the entire range of the number of qubits, 12 ≤ n ≤ 53, the fraction of zeroes and ones reflects only the asymmetry of reported readout errors, and report on simulations with n=12,14 using IBM's and Google's simulators.

Quantum Simulation of Nuclear Shell Model Using GCM-Based Methods on NISQ Devices
Durgesh Pandey, Ashutosh Singh, Ankit Kumar Das +1
HAL1 Sep 2026PreprintLicence not statedNuclear physics Quantum physics & quantum informationHAL
Cavity mediated two-qubit gate: Tuning to optimal performance with NISQ era quantum simulations
Shreekanth S. Yuvarajan, Vincent Iglesias-Cardinale, David Hucul +1
Physical Review Research27 Oct 2026Peer-reviewedPublisher termsAtomic, molecular & optical physicsCrossref
On Performance and Limitations of Quantum Wave Packet Dynamics Simulated using NISQ Hardware
Tamila Kuanysheva, Jonathan Andrade-Plascencia, Jayakrushna Sahoo +2
arXiv20 Oct 2026PreprintCC BY 4.0Full textQuantum physics & quantum informationarXiv
Quantum limit cycles from phase coupling: A framework for NISQ thermodynamic devices
Nana Siddhartha
arXiv11 Oct 2026PreprintCC BY 4.0Full textQuantum physics & quantum informationarXiv
Quantum Circuit Pruning: From NISQ Architectures to Fault-Tolerant Operations
Pau Escofet, Carmen G. Almudéver, Sergi Abadal +1
arXiv1 Oct 2026PreprintarXiv licenceFull textQuantum physics & quantum informationarXiv

Cite

BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{kalai2026analysis,
  title = {{Analysis of asymmetric errors in NISQ experiments}},
  author = {Gil Kalai and Tomer Shoham and Carsten Voelkmann},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.35535},
  eprint = {2609.35535},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.35535},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Analysis of asymmetric errors in NISQ experiments
AU  - Gil Kalai
AU  - Tomer Shoham
AU  - Carsten Voelkmann
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/28
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.35535
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.35535
AB  - This paper continues our analysis of NISQ experiments and especially the Google 2019 ``quantum supremacy" experiment. In arXiv:2008.05177 we proposed statistical tools to analyze symmetric and asymmetric readout errors, and the symmetric case was extensively developed and studied in arXiv:2404.00935, where we used Fourier methods combined with statistical tools. Here we extend and complement our earlier study and analyze asymmetric readout errors for data from experiments and simulations. Our study was further motivated by a paper by Fefferman et al. arXiv:2306.16659, who showed that the effect of amplitude damping gate errors is to have larger fractions of zeroes in the samples produced by the quantum computer. We show that this effect of gate errors is not observed in the Google experimental data, where, for the entire range of the number of qubits, 12 ≤ n ≤ 53, the fraction of zeroes and ones reflects only the asymmetry of reported readout errors, and report on simulations with n=12,14 using IBM's and Google's simulators.
ER  -

Abstract

Related

Cite