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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NCScience Advances

High ambipolar mobility fluorinated MXene for ultrasensitive biosensing transistors

  • Yang Yue1,2,3
  • Junhong Zhao1,3,4
  • Xuejun Wang1,3,4
  • Yanan Tang1,3,4
  • Yunqi Liu1,2
  • Dacheng Wei1,3,4,5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
  2. 2Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
  3. 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
  4. 4Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
  5. 5Shanghai Academy of Natural Sciences (SANS), Shanghai 200031, China.
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Abstract

Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are emerging as transformative materials for bioelectronics. However, the advancement of MXene-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors is hindered by the lack of high-quality aqueous-stable materials and the low signal transduction efficiency intrinsic to their metallic nature. To address these issues, we report an ultrasensitive biosensing platform enabled by an in-situ fluorination strategy of MXene. By substituting unstable oxygen-containing terminations with chemically stable fluorine terminations in a mild reaction, we synthesized high-quality fluorinated MXene with the record-breaking ambipolar field-effect mobility (μp = 10.42 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, μn = 30.23 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹). The highly electronegative fluorinated interface suppresses interfacial electrical double-layer capacitance, boosting signal transduction efficiency. Consequently, the platform achieves the lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 0.26 fg ml⁻¹ for Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen MPT64 among MXene FETs up to date, accompanied by a high current response of 35.02% at LOD. Clinical validation across 126 serum samples demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 97.6% with a detection time of 38 s, exhibiting the high-performance and reliable biosensing in complex physiological environments.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{yue2026high,
  title = {{High ambipolar mobility fluorinated MXene for ultrasensitive biosensing transistors}},
  author = {Yang Yue and Junhong Zhao and Xuejun Wang and Yanan Tang and Yunqi Liu and Dacheng Wei},
  journal = {Science Advances},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeg5289},
  url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeg5289},
  note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - High ambipolar mobility fluorinated MXene for ultrasensitive biosensing transistors
AU  - Yang Yue
AU  - Junhong Zhao
AU  - Xuejun Wang
AU  - Yanan Tang
AU  - Yunqi Liu
AU  - Dacheng Wei
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/21
JO  - Science Advances
DO  - 10.1126/sciadv.aeg5289
UR  - https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeg5289
AB  - Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are emerging as transformative materials for bioelectronics. However, the advancement of MXene-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors is hindered by the lack of high-quality aqueous-stable materials and the low signal transduction efficiency intrinsic to their metallic nature. To address these issues, we report an ultrasensitive biosensing platform enabled by an in-situ fluorination strategy of MXene. By substituting unstable oxygen-containing terminations with chemically stable fluorine terminations in a mild reaction, we synthesized high-quality fluorinated MXene with the record-breaking ambipolar field-effect mobility (μp = 10.42 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, μn = 30.23 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹). The highly electronegative fluorinated interface suppresses interfacial electrical double-layer capacitance, boosting signal transduction efficiency. Consequently, the platform achieves the lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 0.26 fg ml⁻¹ for Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen MPT64 among MXene FETs up to date, accompanied by a high current response of 35.02% at LOD. Clinical validation across 126 serum samples demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 97.6% with a detection time of 38 s, exhibiting the high-performance and reliable biosensing in complex physiological environments.
SN  - 2375-2548
ER  -