Cassia fistula L. Fruit Extract Attenuates Renal and Cardiac Toxicities by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Fludrocortisone Acetate‐Treated Long Evans Rats
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences North South University Dhaka Bangladesh northsouth.edu
Abstract
Renal and cardiovascular diseases are major contributors to death worldwide. We investigated the therapeutic effect of Cassia fistula fruit extract (CFFE) on fludrocortisone acetate (FCA)–induced oxidative stress, renal toxicity, and cardiac fibrosis in rats. Long Evans rats were divided into different treatment groups, and biochemical tests were conducted on plasma, kidney, and heart homogenates to measure oxidative/antioxidative parameters and organ‐specific functional markers. The expression of proinflammatory and fibrotic genes in cardiac tissue was also measured. We observed that CFFE administration reduced the elevated levels of oxidative stress markers—malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidative protein products (AOPPs)—while enhancing the reduced antioxidant enzyme levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) in FCA‐treated rats. Similarly, the CFFE treatment significantly reduced the increased plasma levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), uric acid, and creatinine in these rats. There was elevated expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TGF‐β1, and TNF‐α genes in the heart of the FCA rats, which was substantially downregulated by CFFE treatment. Histological investigations further revealed morphological abnormalities and fibrosis in the kidney and heart of the FCA rats, while CFFE treatment markedly ameliorated these signs. Our results suggest that CFFE prevents FCA‐induced oxidative stress, renal injury, and associated cardiac damage and fibrosis by enhancing the antioxidant defense system and controlling inflammation.
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BibTeX
@article{fatimatuzzahra2026cassia,
title = {{Cassia fistula L. Fruit Extract Attenuates Renal and Cardiac Toxicities by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Fludrocortisone Acetate‐Treated Long Evans Rats}},
author = {Syeda Fatima-Tuz-Zahra and Sabrin Islam Khan and Tushar Emran and Zarin Tasnim Gias and Asim Kumar Bepari and Rezwana Ahmed and Preeti Jain and Hasan Mahmud Reza},
journal = {Scientifica},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.1155/sci5/1517618},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1155/sci5/1517618},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Cassia fistula L. Fruit Extract Attenuates Renal and Cardiac Toxicities by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Fludrocortisone Acetate‐Treated Long Evans Rats
AU - Syeda Fatima-Tuz-Zahra
AU - Sabrin Islam Khan
AU - Tushar Emran
AU - Zarin Tasnim Gias
AU - Asim Kumar Bepari
AU - Rezwana Ahmed
AU - Preeti Jain
AU - Hasan Mahmud Reza
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/01
JO - Scientifica
DO - 10.1155/sci5/1517618
UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/sci5/1517618
AB - Renal and cardiovascular diseases are major contributors to death worldwide. We investigated the therapeutic effect of Cassia fistula fruit extract (CFFE) on fludrocortisone acetate (FCA)–induced oxidative stress, renal toxicity, and cardiac fibrosis in rats. Long Evans rats were divided into different treatment groups, and biochemical tests were conducted on plasma, kidney, and heart homogenates to measure oxidative/antioxidative parameters and organ‐specific functional markers. The expression of proinflammatory and fibrotic genes in cardiac tissue was also measured. We observed that CFFE administration reduced the elevated levels of oxidative stress markers—malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidative protein products (AOPPs)—while enhancing the reduced antioxidant enzyme levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) in FCA‐treated rats. Similarly, the CFFE treatment significantly reduced the increased plasma levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), uric acid, and creatinine in these rats. There was elevated expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TGF‐β1, and TNF‐α genes in the heart of the FCA rats, which was substantially downregulated by CFFE treatment. Histological investigations further revealed morphological abnormalities and fibrosis in the kidney and heart of the FCA rats, while CFFE treatment markedly ameliorated these signs. Our results suggest that CFFE prevents FCA‐induced oxidative stress, renal injury, and associated cardiac damage and fibrosis by enhancing the antioxidant defense system and controlling inflammation.
SN - 2090-908X
ER -