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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Catalysts

Catalytic Degradation of Sulfamethazine by Ferrate(VI)-Activated Calcium Sulfite: Performance and Mechanism

  • Dan Fu1
  • Yonggang Zhao1
  • Honglei Liu2
  • Mo Peng1
  • Yuwei Pan3
  1. 1Environment Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210019, China
  2. 2Nanjing Shenghong Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210017, China
  3. 3College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Abstract

Calcium sulfite (CaSO3) is introduced as a solid-phase sulfite source with slow-release characteristics to overcome the drawbacks of highly soluble sulfite in conventional S(IV)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In this work, we establish a catalytic Fe(VI)/CaSO3 system for the efficient degradation of sulfamethazine (SMT). The system operates through a catalytic cycle wherein ferrate(VI) activates sulfite to generate sulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) as the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS), with concomitant involvement of high-valent iron species (Fe(V)/Fe(IV)) and singlet oxygen (1O2). The catalytic mechanism, involving electron transfer and radical chain reactions, is elucidated by EPR spectroscopy, radical quenching experiments, and probe tests. The Fe(VI)/CaSO3 system achieves 98.6% SMT removal within 20 min and exhibits broad-spectrum activity against various organic pollutants. The catalytic performance remains robust over a wide pH range and in the presence of coexisting ions and natural organic matter. This study highlights the potential of ferrate(VI)-activated calcium sulfite as a promising catalytic AOP platform for water treatment.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{fu2026catalytic,
  title = {{Catalytic Degradation of Sulfamethazine by Ferrate(VI)-Activated Calcium Sulfite: Performance and Mechanism}},
  author = {Dan Fu and Yonggang Zhao and Honglei Liu and Mo Peng and Yuwei Pan},
  journal = {Catalysts},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/catal16110979},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/979},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Catalytic Degradation of Sulfamethazine by Ferrate(VI)-Activated Calcium Sulfite: Performance and Mechanism
AU  - Dan Fu
AU  - Yonggang Zhao
AU  - Honglei Liu
AU  - Mo Peng
AU  - Yuwei Pan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - Catalysts
DO  - 10.3390/catal16110979
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/979
AB  - Calcium sulfite (CaSO3) is introduced as a solid-phase sulfite source with slow-release characteristics to overcome the drawbacks of highly soluble sulfite in conventional S(IV)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In this work, we establish a catalytic Fe(VI)/CaSO3 system for the efficient degradation of sulfamethazine (SMT). The system operates through a catalytic cycle wherein ferrate(VI) activates sulfite to generate sulfate radicals (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) as the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS), with concomitant involvement of high-valent iron species (Fe(V)/Fe(IV)) and singlet oxygen (1O2). The catalytic mechanism, involving electron transfer and radical chain reactions, is elucidated by EPR spectroscopy, radical quenching experiments, and probe tests. The Fe(VI)/CaSO3 system achieves 98.6% SMT removal within 20 min and exhibits broad-spectrum activity against various organic pollutants. The catalytic performance remains robust over a wide pH range and in the presence of coexisting ions and natural organic matter. This study highlights the potential of ferrate(VI)-activated calcium sulfite as a promising catalytic AOP platform for water treatment.
SN  - 2073-4344
ER  -