Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0ACS Omega14 Oct 2026

Core–Shell Upconversion Platform Based on an Amino-Functionalized ZIF-8 with a Covalently Anchored Ruthenium Nitrosyl Complex for Controlled Release of Nitric Oxide in Biological Media

Victor B. de Sousa¹
Giovanna N. S. A. O. Rocha¹
Dayane K. D. Do N. Santos¹
Francisco V. S. Leite²
Walysson G. Pereira²
Luiz G. F. Lopes²
Eduardo H. S. de Sousa²
Ricardo L. Longo¹
Severino A. Júnior¹

¹Federal University of Pernambuco , , , ,
²Federal University of Ceará , , , ,

Abstract

The development of nitric oxide (NO) donor agents capable of controlled NO release upon light irradiation in the biological window is relevant for phototherapies. The cis-[Ru(dc-bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]+ complex (dc-bpy = 2,2′-dicarboxybipyridine) is synthesized and anchored onto a NaYF4:Yb,Tm@ZIF-8-NH2 nanoplatform. The isolated complex presents high stability under basic conditions (pH 9) and an absorption band in the visible region up to 405 nm. A core–shell platform of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with ZIF-8 is synthesized and functionalized with amino groups (UCNP-ZIF-8-NH2). This material exhibits intense blue emission upon excitation by near-infrared (NIR) radiation at 980 nm within a biological window. After covalent anchoring, through amide bond between the amino groups of UCNP-ZIF-8-NH2 and the carboxylic acid groups of the RuNO complex, supported by Fourier transform spectrophotometry (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, the UCNP-RuNO composite releases NO under 980 nm irradiation. NO release is controlled by irradiation time, showing an increase from ca. 0.095 to 1.015 μmol L–1 between 30 and 180 min. These UCNP-RuNO systems show in vitro cell viability up to ca. 12 μg mL–1. These results support their use as platforms for NO release under NIR light, with optimization achievable by varying concentration, formulation, excitation intensity, and UCNP composition.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{sousa2026coreshell,
  title = {{Core–Shell Upconversion Platform Based on an Amino-Functionalized ZIF-8 with a Covalently Anchored Ruthenium Nitrosyl Complex for Controlled Release of Nitric Oxide in Biological Media}},
  author = {Victor B. de Sousa and Giovanna N. S. A. O. Rocha and Dayane K. D. Do N. Santos and Francisco V. S. Leite and Walysson G. Pereira and Luiz G. F. Lopes and Eduardo H. S. de Sousa and Ricardo L. Longo and Severino A. Júnior},
  journal = {ACS Omega},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c08430},
  url = {https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/42/65521/5451128/Core-Shell-Upconversion-Platform-Based-on-an-Amino},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Core–Shell Upconversion Platform Based on an Amino-Functionalized ZIF-8 with a Covalently Anchored Ruthenium Nitrosyl Complex for Controlled Release of Nitric Oxide in Biological Media
AU  - Victor B. de Sousa
AU  - Giovanna N. S. A. O. Rocha
AU  - Dayane K. D. Do N. Santos
AU  - Francisco V. S. Leite
AU  - Walysson G. Pereira
AU  - Luiz G. F. Lopes
AU  - Eduardo H. S. de Sousa
AU  - Ricardo L. Longo
AU  - Severino A. Júnior
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/14
JO  - ACS Omega
DO  - 10.1021/acsomega.6c08430
UR  - https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/42/65521/5451128/Core-Shell-Upconversion-Platform-Based-on-an-Amino
AB  - The development of nitric oxide (NO) donor agents capable of controlled NO release upon light irradiation in the biological window is relevant for phototherapies. The cis-[Ru(dc-bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]+ complex (dc-bpy = 2,2′-dicarboxybipyridine) is synthesized and anchored onto a NaYF4:Yb,Tm@ZIF-8-NH2 nanoplatform. The isolated complex presents high stability under basic conditions (pH 9) and an absorption band in the visible region up to 405 nm. A core–shell platform of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with ZIF-8 is synthesized and functionalized with amino groups (UCNP-ZIF-8-NH2). This material exhibits intense blue emission upon excitation by near-infrared (NIR) radiation at 980 nm within a biological window. After covalent anchoring, through amide bond between the amino groups of UCNP-ZIF-8-NH2 and the carboxylic acid groups of the RuNO complex, supported by Fourier transform spectrophotometry (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, the UCNP-RuNO composite releases NO under 980 nm irradiation. NO release is controlled by irradiation time, showing an increase from ca. 0.095 to 1.015 μmol L–1 between 30 and 180 min. These UCNP-RuNO systems show in vitro cell viability up to ca. 12 μg mL–1. These results support their use as platforms for NO release under NIR light, with optimization achievable by varying concentration, formulation, excitation intensity, and UCNP composition.
SN  - 2470-1343
ER  -

Abstract

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