Splitting Dynamics of Multiply Quantized Vortices in Holographic Superfluid of Finite Temperature
Abstract
We study the splitting dynamics of multiply quantized vortices with winding numbers n=5,6,7 and $8$ in a two-dimensional holographic superfluid at finite temperature, by combining linear perturbation analysis of quasinormal modes with fully nonlinear real-time numerical simulations. Three new physical phenomena are revealed. First, the number of unstable modes no longer strictly follows the 2n−3 formula as n increases. For the vortex with n=8, the unstable mode with p=2(n−1) is absent throughout the entire temperature range, so that only 2n−4 unstable modes exist. Second, the transition of the dominant unstable mode with increasing temperature exhibits new characteristics. For vortices with n≤ 6, the dominant mode changes sequentially as p=2,3,…,n, whereas for n≥ 7 jump-like transitions occur-for instance, for n=7 the dominant mode jumps from p=2 to p=4 at T=0.325Tc and then directly to p=7 at T=0.359Tc, and for n=8 it jumps directly from p=2 to p=8 at T=0.302Tc. Third, a single splitting pattern of high-winding-number vortices can contain multiple sub-splitting patterns with distinct topological structures, as exemplified by the l=4 pattern of the n=8 vortex, which exhibits three sub-patterns at low, intermediate and high temperatures. The nonlinear simulations confirm the predictions of the linear stability analysis, and the implications of our results for cold-atom experiments are discussed.
Related
- Bubble dynamics and vortex formation in holographic first-order superfluid phase transitions
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- Formation of holographic vortex in a rotating shell-shaped superfluid
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- Exact holographic superfluid at the Bogomolny point: transport, large charge, and Rényi entropies
BibTeX
@misc{lan2026splitting,
title = {{Splitting Dynamics of Multiply Quantized Vortices in Holographic Superfluid of Finite Temperature}},
author = {Shanquan Lan and Xin Li and Jiexiong Mo and Yu Tian and Yu-Kun Yan and Hongbao Zhang},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.08831},
eprint = {2609.08831},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08831},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Splitting Dynamics of Multiply Quantized Vortices in Holographic Superfluid of Finite Temperature
AU - Shanquan Lan
AU - Xin Li
AU - Jiexiong Mo
AU - Yu Tian
AU - Yu-Kun Yan
AU - Hongbao Zhang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/08
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.08831
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08831
AB - We study the splitting dynamics of multiply quantized vortices with winding numbers n=5,6,7 and $8$ in a two-dimensional holographic superfluid at finite temperature, by combining linear perturbation analysis of quasinormal modes with fully nonlinear real-time numerical simulations. Three new physical phenomena are revealed. First, the number of unstable modes no longer strictly follows the 2n−3 formula as n increases. For the vortex with n=8, the unstable mode with p=2(n−1) is absent throughout the entire temperature range, so that only 2n−4 unstable modes exist. Second, the transition of the dominant unstable mode with increasing temperature exhibits new characteristics. For vortices with n≤ 6, the dominant mode changes sequentially as p=2,3,…,n, whereas for n≥ 7 jump-like transitions occur-for instance, for n=7 the dominant mode jumps from p=2 to p=4 at T=0.325T_c and then directly to p=7 at T=0.359T_c, and for n=8 it jumps directly from p=2 to p=8 at T=0.302T_c. Third, a single splitting pattern of high-winding-number vortices can contain multiple sub-splitting patterns with distinct topological structures, as exemplified by the l=4 pattern of the n=8 vortex, which exhibits three sub-patterns at low, intermediate and high temperatures. The nonlinear simulations confirm the predictions of the linear stability analysis, and the implications of our results for cold-atom experiments are discussed.
ER -