Bubble dynamics and vortex formation in holographic first-order superfluid phase transitions
- 1Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 3Technion
Abstract
A bstract : We investigate bubble dynamics in a holographic superfluid undergoing a first-order phase transition with spontaneous U (1) symmetry breaking. Near the nucleation threshold, the system exhibits universal critical behavior governed by a single unstable mode, leading to logarithmic scaling of the time spent near the critical solution. The terminal bubble wall velocity increases with charge density but remains small due to strong dissipation. In multi-bubble collisions, vortex formation depends sensitively on the initial phases and deviates significantly from the geodesic rule. Notably, we identify a regime where three-bubble collisions produce a vortex-antivortex pair that subsequently annihilates, a phenomenon not predicted by the geodesic rule. The lifetime of this pair scales logarithmically with the distance to the critical collision radius. Our results underscore the crucial role of non-equilibrium dynamics in strongly coupled superfluids and provide new insights into topological defect formation during first-order phase transitions.
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BibTeX
@article{jin2026bubble,
title = {{Bubble dynamics and vortex formation in holographic first-order superfluid phase transitions}},
author = {Zhen-Han Jin and Yu-Ping An and Li Li},
journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1007/jhep10(2026)202},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)202},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Bubble dynamics and vortex formation in holographic first-order superfluid phase transitions
AU - Zhen-Han Jin
AU - Yu-Ping An
AU - Li Li
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
JO - Journal of High Energy Physics
DO - 10.1007/jhep10(2026)202
UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)202
AB - A bstract : We investigate bubble dynamics in a holographic superfluid undergoing a first-order phase transition with spontaneous U (1) symmetry breaking. Near the nucleation threshold, the system exhibits universal critical behavior governed by a single unstable mode, leading to logarithmic scaling of the time spent near the critical solution. The terminal bubble wall velocity increases with charge density but remains small due to strong dissipation. In multi-bubble collisions, vortex formation depends sensitively on the initial phases and deviates significantly from the geodesic rule. Notably, we identify a regime where three-bubble collisions produce a vortex-antivortex pair that subsequently annihilates, a phenomenon not predicted by the geodesic rule. The lifetime of this pair scales logarithmically with the distance to the critical collision radius. Our results underscore the crucial role of non-equilibrium dynamics in strongly coupled superfluids and provide new insights into topological defect formation during first-order phase transitions.
SN - 1029-8479
ER -