Retinochoroidal structural alterations in obstructive sleep apnea: A spectral domain optical coherence…

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze retinochoroidal parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and evaluate their relationship with disease severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 60 OSAS patients diagnosed by overnight polysomnography and 60 age-matched healthy controls. The OSAS group was subdivided based on apnea–hypopnea index into mild (n = 18), moderate (n = 28), and severe (n = 14) categories. SD-OCT measurements included retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and central macular thickness. RESULTS: OSAS patients showed significant thinning in average RNFL (94.7 ± 7.84 μm vs. 98.93 ± 7.67 μm, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43–7.03, P = 0.003) and GC-IPL thicknesses (80.03 ± 3.11 μm vs. 82.1 ± 2.05 μm, 95% CI: 1.12–3.02, P < 0.001) compared to controls. Severity-based analysis revealed progressive thinning across all parameters, with the strongest correlations observed between disease severity and GC-IPL (r = −0.979) and RNFL parameters (r = −0.922). The most significant differences were consistently found between mild and severe OSAS groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Significant retinochoroidal alterations occur in OSAS patients, with changes correlating to disease severity. The distinctive pattern of retinal layer thinning, particularly in superotemporal RNFL and superior GC-IPL, demonstrates an association with OSAS severity.

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BibTeX

@article{singh2026retinochoroidal,
  title = {{Retinochoroidal structural alterations in obstructive sleep apnea: A spectral domain optical coherence tomography study}},
  author = {Prabhjot Singh and Ashok Kumar Sharma and Vijay Kumar Sharma and Vikas Ambiya and Jyothi Nandanan},
  journal = {Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-25-00097},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-25-00097},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retinochoroidal structural alterations in obstructive sleep apnea: A spectral domain optical coherence tomography study
AU  - Prabhjot Singh
AU  - Ashok Kumar Sharma
AU  - Vijay Kumar Sharma
AU  - Vikas Ambiya
AU  - Jyothi Nandanan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology
DO  - 10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-25-00097
UR  - https://doi.org/10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-25-00097
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze retinochoroidal parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and evaluate their relationship with disease severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 60 OSAS patients diagnosed by overnight polysomnography and 60 age-matched healthy controls. The OSAS group was subdivided based on apnea–hypopnea index into mild (n = 18), moderate (n = 28), and severe (n = 14) categories. SD-OCT measurements included retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and central macular thickness. RESULTS: OSAS patients showed significant thinning in average RNFL (94.7 ± 7.84 μm vs. 98.93 ± 7.67 μm, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43–7.03, P = 0.003) and GC-IPL thicknesses (80.03 ± 3.11 μm vs. 82.1 ± 2.05 μm, 95% CI: 1.12–3.02, P < 0.001) compared to controls. Severity-based analysis revealed progressive thinning across all parameters, with the strongest correlations observed between disease severity and GC-IPL (r = −0.979) and RNFL parameters (r = −0.922). The most significant differences were consistently found between mild and severe OSAS groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Significant retinochoroidal alterations occur in OSAS patients, with changes correlating to disease severity. The distinctive pattern of retinal layer thinning, particularly in superotemporal RNFL and superior GC-IPL, demonstrates an association with OSAS severity.
SN  - 2211-5056
SN  - 2211-5072
ER  -

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