Newly Synthesized S4MA Inhibits Inflammatory Responses Through STAT3/NF-κB Pathways in Human Colon Cancer HCT 116 Cells In Vitro
13 affiliations
- 1School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 2School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 3Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 4Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 5Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 6Department of Medicinal Botany and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 7Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 8Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 9Department of Cosmetic Application & Management, Saint Mary’s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan
- 10Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 11Jen-Tch Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 12Department of Pharmacy, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 13Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Abstract
Background/Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impacts and underlying molecular mechanisms of E-4-(2-chloro-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)but-3-en-2-one, C20H18ClNO (S4MA), a newly synthesized compound, on inflammation-associated cytokine responses in human colon cancer HCT 116 cells in vitro.
Materials and Methods: Phase-contrast microscopy was utilized to detect the changes in cell morphology, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to analyze cell proliferation. Cytokine secretion was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and mRNA levels were assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy were employed to investigate the associated protein expression. Furthermore, the interaction of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) with specific DNA sequences in HCT 116 cells was evaluated using electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA).
Results: High concentrations of S4MA triggered cell morphological alterations in HCT 116 cells. Therefore, we reduced the concentration of S4MA to 1 μM for the inflammation-associated cytokine assay. S4MA at 0.5 and 1 μM inhibited cell proliferation. S4MA at 0.1 and 1 μM reduced the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokines, and S4MA at 1 μM diminished the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, as determined by ELISA and RT-PCR assays, respectively. Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy demonstrated that S4MA reduced the levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)- and NF-κB-associated proteins in HCT 116 cells. Furthermore, S4MA reduced the interaction between NF-κB and its target DNA sequences within the nucleus, as determined by EMSA.
Conclusion: S4MA inhibited inflammation-associated responses by regulating the STAT3/NF-κB pathways in human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. Therefore, S4MA may be a promising agent for suppressing inflammatory responses in future therapies for human colon cancer.
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BibTeX
@article{lien2026newly,
title = {{Newly Synthesized S4MA Inhibits Inflammatory Responses Through STAT3/NF-κB Pathways in Human Colon Cancer HCT 116 Cells In Vitro}},
author = {JIN-CHERNG LIEN and YI-SHIH MA and FU-SHIN CHUEH and YI-PING HUANG and JAW-CHYUN CHEN and JIUN-LONG YANG and YUNG-LIN CHU and AN-CHENG HUANG and CHIUNG-JU CHEN and SHU-MI CHEN and SHU-FEN PENG},
journal = {In Vivo},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.21873/invivo.14480},
url = {https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14480},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Newly Synthesized S4MA Inhibits Inflammatory Responses Through STAT3/NF-κB Pathways in Human Colon Cancer HCT 116 Cells In Vitro
AU - JIN-CHERNG LIEN
AU - YI-SHIH MA
AU - FU-SHIN CHUEH
AU - YI-PING HUANG
AU - JAW-CHYUN CHEN
AU - JIUN-LONG YANG
AU - YUNG-LIN CHU
AU - AN-CHENG HUANG
AU - CHIUNG-JU CHEN
AU - SHU-MI CHEN
AU - SHU-FEN PENG
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - In Vivo
DO - 10.21873/invivo.14480
UR - https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14480
AB - Background/Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impacts and underlying molecular mechanisms of E-4-(2-chloro-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)but-3-en-2-one, C20H18ClNO (S4MA), a newly synthesized compound, on inflammation-associated cytokine responses in human colon cancer HCT 116 cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: Phase-contrast microscopy was utilized to detect the changes in cell morphology, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to analyze cell proliferation. Cytokine secretion was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and mRNA levels were assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy were employed to investigate the associated protein expression. Furthermore, the interaction of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) with specific DNA sequences in HCT 116 cells was evaluated using electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results: High concentrations of S4MA triggered cell morphological alterations in HCT 116 cells. Therefore, we reduced the concentration of S4MA to 1 μM for the inflammation-associated cytokine assay. S4MA at 0.5 and 1 μM inhibited cell proliferation. S4MA at 0.1 and 1 μM reduced the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokines, and S4MA at 1 μM diminished the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, as determined by ELISA and RT-PCR assays, respectively. Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy demonstrated that S4MA reduced the levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)- and NF-κB-associated proteins in HCT 116 cells. Furthermore, S4MA reduced the interaction between NF-κB and its target DNA sequences within the nucleus, as determined by EMSA. Conclusion: S4MA inhibited inflammation-associated responses by regulating the STAT3/NF-κB pathways in human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. Therefore, S4MA may be a promising agent for suppressing inflammatory responses in future therapies for human colon cancer.
SN - 0258-851X
SN - 1791-7549
ER -