Design and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Low-Cost Solar Microgrid for Residential Resilience in Khartoum, Sudan Under Conflict Conditions
Abstract
The armed conflict in Sudan since April 2023 has precipitated a profound energy crisis in Khartoum State. This paper presents a conceptual and techno-economic analysis of a low-cost residential solar microgrid designed to enhance energy resilience for households in Khartoum. Drawing on verified reports that drone strikes destroyed transformers at the Al-Markhiyat substation and damaged the Merowe Dam power station, and that national electricity generation collapsed from 4,400 MW to 1,100 MW, the study quantifies outages reaching 16-18 hours per day. With at least 30% of Sudanese population lacking electricity access and 4,000+ hours of annual sunshine in Sudan, solar presents a viable pathway. Proposed system: 2x 550W PV, 5kWh LiFePO4 battery, 3kW hybrid inverter, costing $850, achieving 83% cost reduction vs typical $5,000 system and payback of 4.2 months vs diesel.
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BibTeX
@misc{alfaki2026design,
title = {{Design and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Low-Cost Solar Microgrid for Residential Resilience in Khartoum, Sudan Under Conflict Conditions}},
author = {Mugtaba Alfaki},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23675220},
url = {https://zenodo.org/records/23675220},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Design and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Low-Cost Solar Microgrid for Residential Resilience in Khartoum, Sudan Under Conflict Conditions
AU - Mugtaba Alfaki
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/26
PB - Zenodo
DO - 10.5281/zenodo.23675220
UR - https://zenodo.org/records/23675220
AB - The armed conflict in Sudan since April 2023 has precipitated a profound energy crisis in Khartoum State. This paper presents a conceptual and techno-economic analysis of a low-cost residential solar microgrid designed to enhance energy resilience for households in Khartoum. Drawing on verified reports that drone strikes destroyed transformers at the Al-Markhiyat substation and damaged the Merowe Dam power station, and that national electricity generation collapsed from 4,400 MW to 1,100 MW, the study quantifies outages reaching 16-18 hours per day. With at least 30% of Sudanese population lacking electricity access and 4,000+ hours of annual sunshine in Sudan, solar presents a viable pathway. Proposed system: 2x 550W PV, 5kWh LiFePO4 battery, 3kW hybrid inverter, costing $850, achieving 83% cost reduction vs typical $5,000 system and payback of 4.2 months vs diesel.
ER -