Comparative Cytocompatibility and Morphological Assessment of Silver Nanoparticle Formulations in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.
- 1Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
- 2Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- 3Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
Abstract
Objectives: This in vitro study evaluated the cytocompatibility and cellular response of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exposed to two experimental polyethyleneimine/polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized silver nanoparticle formulations, MG-85 and MG-89. Methods: hDPSCs isolated from human third molars were treated with serial concentrations of both formulations. Cell metabolic activity and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) were assessed using the MTT assay. Wound closure was evaluated by wound-healing assay, while cytoskeletal organization and nuclear morphology were examined by phalloidin/DAPI fluorescence microscopy. Apoptosis/necrosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species production were analyzed by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD and CM-H₂DCFDA, respectively. IL-6 release and IL-8 release were quantified by ELISA. Results: Both formulations induced concentration-dependent biological effects in hDPSCs. MG-89 showed a higher IC₅₀ than MG-85 and preserved metabolic activity, wound closure, cytoskeletal organization, and nuclear morphology more effectively at low concentrations. At higher concentrations, both formulations impaired wound closure and altered cellular morphology, although these effects were more pronounced for MG-85. Flow cytometry showed increased apoptotic/necrotic populations at higher concentrations, particularly after MG-85 exposure. MG-85 also induced greater intracellular ROS production and higher IL-6/IL-8 release than MG-89. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this direct-exposure in vitro model, MG-89 exhibited a more favorable cytocompatibility profile than MG-85 in hDPSCs, particularly at low concentrations. These findings support the use of microscopy-based and multiparametric cellular assays for preclinical screening of AgNP-containing dental materials.
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BibTeX
@article{manzaneramondejar2026comparative,
title = {{Comparative Cytocompatibility and Morphological Assessment of Silver Nanoparticle Formulations in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.}},
author = {Ángeles Manzanera-Mondéjar and Julia Guerrero-Gironés and Berta Rivas-Mundiña and David García-Bernal and Sergio López-García},
journal = {Dentistry journal},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/dj14100682},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930448},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparative Cytocompatibility and Morphological Assessment of Silver Nanoparticle Formulations in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.
AU - Ángeles Manzanera-Mondéjar
AU - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
AU - Berta Rivas-Mundiña
AU - David García-Bernal
AU - Sergio López-García
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
JO - Dentistry journal
DO - 10.3390/dj14100682
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930448
AB - Objectives: This in vitro study evaluated the cytocompatibility and cellular response of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exposed to two experimental polyethyleneimine/polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized silver nanoparticle formulations, MG-85 and MG-89. Methods: hDPSCs isolated from human third molars were treated with serial concentrations of both formulations. Cell metabolic activity and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) were assessed using the MTT assay. Wound closure was evaluated by wound-healing assay, while cytoskeletal organization and nuclear morphology were examined by phalloidin/DAPI fluorescence microscopy. Apoptosis/necrosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species production were analyzed by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD and CM-H₂DCFDA, respectively. IL-6 release and IL-8 release were quantified by ELISA. Results: Both formulations induced concentration-dependent biological effects in hDPSCs. MG-89 showed a higher IC₅₀ than MG-85 and preserved metabolic activity, wound closure, cytoskeletal organization, and nuclear morphology more effectively at low concentrations. At higher concentrations, both formulations impaired wound closure and altered cellular morphology, although these effects were more pronounced for MG-85. Flow cytometry showed increased apoptotic/necrotic populations at higher concentrations, particularly after MG-85 exposure. MG-85 also induced greater intracellular ROS production and higher IL-6/IL-8 release than MG-89. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this direct-exposure in vitro model, MG-89 exhibited a more favorable cytocompatibility profile than MG-85 in hDPSCs, particularly at low concentrations. These findings support the use of microscopy-based and multiparametric cellular assays for preclinical screening of AgNP-containing dental materials.
SN - 2304-6767
ER -