Investigation of the Effects of Calendula officinalis on Gingival Tissue in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, TUR.
- 2Department of Histology and Embryology, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, TUR.
- 3Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, TUR.
- 4Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, TUR.
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Calendula officinalis administration on inflammatory changes in gingival tissue in a streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes model.Methods
Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7): control (C), Calendula officinalis (CO), diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetes mellitus + Calendula officinalis (DM+CO). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg), and Calendula officinalis extract was administered by oral gavage at 250 mg/kg for six weeks. Gingival cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX-2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were determined by ELISA and normalized to total protein concentrations. Gingival tissues were also evaluated histopathologically using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining.Results
Gingival COX-2 and IL-1β levels were significantly higher in the DM group than in the control group (p=0.011 and p=0.017, respectively). In the DM+CO group, both COX-2 and IL-1β levels were significantly lower than those in the DM group (p=0.026 for both). Histopathological evaluation revealed epithelial and connective tissue irregularities in the DM group. In the DM+CO group, the epithelial-connective tissue junction appeared more regular and distinct, and connective tissue organization exhibited a more regular morphological appearance than in the DM group.Conclusion
Calendula officinalis administration was associated with lower gingival COX-2 and IL-1β levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The accompanying histopathological observations suggest that its anti-inflammatory effects may also be reflected in gingival tissue morphology. Further studies incorporating quantitative histomorphometric analyses and broader inflammatory and oxidative stress markers are warranted.
Related
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BibTeX
@article{tekbas2026investigation,
title = {{Investigation of the Effects of Calendula officinalis on Gingival Tissue in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.}},
author = {Ismail Tekbas and Betul Yalcin and Esra Bozgeyik and Metin Calisir},
journal = {Cureus},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.7759/cureus.118178},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898940},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Investigation of the Effects of Calendula officinalis on Gingival Tissue in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
AU - Ismail Tekbas
AU - Betul Yalcin
AU - Esra Bozgeyik
AU - Metin Calisir
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/19
JO - Cureus
DO - 10.7759/cureus.118178
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898940
AB - Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Calendula officinalis administration on inflammatory changes in gingival tissue in a streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes model.Methods Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7): control (C), Calendula officinalis (CO), diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetes mellitus + Calendula officinalis (DM+CO). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg), and Calendula officinalis extract was administered by oral gavage at 250 mg/kg for six weeks. Gingival cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX-2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were determined by ELISA and normalized to total protein concentrations. Gingival tissues were also evaluated histopathologically using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining.Results Gingival COX-2 and IL-1β levels were significantly higher in the DM group than in the control group (p=0.011 and p=0.017, respectively). In the DM+CO group, both COX-2 and IL-1β levels were significantly lower than those in the DM group (p=0.026 for both). Histopathological evaluation revealed epithelial and connective tissue irregularities in the DM group. In the DM+CO group, the epithelial-connective tissue junction appeared more regular and distinct, and connective tissue organization exhibited a more regular morphological appearance than in the DM group.Conclusion Calendula officinalis administration was associated with lower gingival COX-2 and IL-1β levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The accompanying histopathological observations suggest that its anti-inflammatory effects may also be reflected in gingival tissue morphology. Further studies incorporating quantitative histomorphometric analyses and broader inflammatory and oxidative stress markers are warranted.
SN - 2168-8184
ER -