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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDInfection prevention in practice

Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of surgical wound infections in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.

  • Tarana H Suleymanova1
  • Gunduz A Garayev2
  • Hagigat A Gadirova1
  • Ravil M Huseynov1
  • Orkhan A Mukhtarov1
  1. 1Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
  2. 2Microbiological Laboratory, Main Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan.
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Abstract

Background

Surgical wound infections are a common healthcare-associated complication and are complicated by antimicrobial resistance, which limits empirical treatment options. Local pathogen and susceptibility data are needed to guide empirical therapy and stewardship in Azerbaijan.Aim

The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological profile of surgical wound cultures and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of recovered isolates in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.Methods

A retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted from August to December 2024 using surgical wound culture records and susceptibility data. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration-based methods and interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria.Findings

Out of 344 surgical wound culture records, 45 had no microbial growth and 299 were analysed. The most frequent micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (84/299, 28.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54/299, 18.1%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (24/299, 8.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22/299, 7.4%), and Escherichia coli (19/299, 6.4%). Among S. aureus isolates, 13 of 84 (15.5%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. All tested S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Ps. aeruginosa showed the highest susceptibility to meropenem (90.7%), amikacin (85.2%), and imipenem (82.7%). Among Enterobacterales, carbapenems showed the highest overall in-vitro activity in the tested panels. Of 195 isolates eligible for multi-drug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) assessment, 93 (47.7%) were MDR, including 8 (4.1%) possible XDR and 2 (1.0%) as confirmed XDR.Conclusion

Surgical wound cultures were dominated by S. aureus and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. Given increasing resistance, particularly among Gram-negative pathogens and persistent surveillance gaps, these findings support routine culture-based diagnosis and use of local susceptibility data to guide empirical therapy and antimicrobial stewardship.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{suleymanova2026microbiological,
  title = {{Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of surgical wound infections in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.}},
  author = {Tarana H Suleymanova and Gunduz A Garayev and Hagigat A Gadirova and Ravil M Huseynov and Orkhan A Mukhtarov},
  journal = {Infection prevention in practice},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1016/j.infpip.2026.100570},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42904070},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of surgical wound infections in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.
AU  - Tarana H Suleymanova
AU  - Gunduz A Garayev
AU  - Hagigat A Gadirova
AU  - Ravil M Huseynov
AU  - Orkhan A Mukhtarov
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/14
JO  - Infection prevention in practice
DO  - 10.1016/j.infpip.2026.100570
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42904070
AB  - Background  Surgical wound infections are a common healthcare-associated complication and are complicated by antimicrobial resistance, which limits empirical treatment options. Local pathogen and susceptibility data are needed to guide empirical therapy and stewardship in Azerbaijan.Aim  The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological profile of surgical wound cultures and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of recovered isolates in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.Methods  A retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted from August to December 2024 using surgical wound culture records and susceptibility data. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration-based methods and interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria.Findings  Out of 344 surgical wound culture records, 45 had no microbial growth and 299 were analysed. The most frequent micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (84/299, 28.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54/299, 18.1%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (24/299, 8.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22/299, 7.4%), and Escherichia coli (19/299, 6.4%). Among S. aureus isolates, 13 of 84 (15.5%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. All tested S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Ps. aeruginosa showed the highest susceptibility to meropenem (90.7%), amikacin (85.2%), and imipenem (82.7%). Among Enterobacterales, carbapenems showed the highest overall in-vitro activity in the tested panels. Of 195 isolates eligible for multi-drug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) assessment, 93 (47.7%) were MDR, including 8 (4.1%) possible XDR and 2 (1.0%) as confirmed XDR.Conclusion  Surgical wound cultures were dominated by S. aureus and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. Given increasing resistance, particularly among Gram-negative pathogens and persistent surveillance gaps, these findings support routine culture-based diagnosis and use of local susceptibility data to guide empirical therapy and antimicrobial stewardship.
SN  - 2590-0889
ER  -