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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

Bio‐Based Transparent Self‐Healable Polyimides Enabled by Isosorbide‐Derived Dianhydride Design and Aliphatic Chain‐Mobility Regulation

  • Jisu Jang1
  • Woojin Kang1
  • Yeongseok Seo1
  • Gyu Hyoung Bae1
  • Jeong Yeon Yoo1
  • Sang Goo Lee2
  • Keun‐Hwan Oh3
  • Hong Suk Kang1
  1. 1Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon Republic of Korea
  2. 2Interface Material and Chemical Engineering Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
  3. 3Hydrogen Energy Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
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Abstract

Transparent self‐healable polyimides are attractive for flexible, wearable, and sustainable electronic devices, but achieving high transparency, rapid healing, and mechanical robustness within a single material remains challenging. Herein, we report a bio‐based aliphatic–aromatic polyimide platform that addresses this challenge through the cooperative molecular design of an isosorbide‐derived dianhydride (ISSDA), 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride, cystamine, and a bio‐based long‐chain aliphatic diamine (DDA). Unlike conventional aromatic polyimides, the nonplanar and nonconjugated ISSDA structure reduces charge‐transfer complex formation and prevents compact chain packing, enabling high optical transparency in a self‐healable polyimide network. The DDA segment further introduces controlled chain flexibility, lowers the effective healing barrier, and improves segmental mobility required for dynamic disulfide exchange. As a result, the optimized film achieved over 95% transmittance above 650 nm, thermal healing within 4 min at 150°C, and only a 7.8% loss in toughness after healing. DFT/TD‐DFT analyses confirmed that ISSDA suppresses and blueshifts the near‐UV electronic transitions relevant to visible transparency, while WAXD analysis revealed enlarged interchain d‐spacing and increased amorphous packing. This study provides a bio‐derived and structurally tunable route to transparent, tough, and rapidly self‐healable engineering polyimides.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{jang2026biobased,
  title = {{Bio‐Based Transparent Self‐Healable Polyimides Enabled by Isosorbide‐Derived Dianhydride Design and Aliphatic Chain‐Mobility Regulation}},
  author = {Jisu Jang and Woojin Kang and Yeongseok Seo and Gyu Hyoung Bae and Jeong Yeon Yoo and Sang Goo Lee and Keun‐Hwan Oh and Hong Suk Kang},
  journal = {Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1002/smll.75559},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.75559},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bio‐Based Transparent Self‐Healable Polyimides Enabled by Isosorbide‐Derived Dianhydride Design and Aliphatic Chain‐Mobility Regulation
AU  - Jisu Jang
AU  - Woojin Kang
AU  - Yeongseok Seo
AU  - Gyu Hyoung Bae
AU  - Jeong Yeon Yoo
AU  - Sang Goo Lee
AU  - Keun‐Hwan Oh
AU  - Hong Suk Kang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/03
JO  - Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
DO  - 10.1002/smll.75559
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.75559
AB  - Transparent self‐healable polyimides are attractive for flexible, wearable, and sustainable electronic devices, but achieving high transparency, rapid healing, and mechanical robustness within a single material remains challenging. Herein, we report a bio‐based aliphatic–aromatic polyimide platform that addresses this challenge through the cooperative molecular design of an isosorbide‐derived dianhydride (ISSDA), 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride, cystamine, and a bio‐based long‐chain aliphatic diamine (DDA). Unlike conventional aromatic polyimides, the nonplanar and nonconjugated ISSDA structure reduces charge‐transfer complex formation and prevents compact chain packing, enabling high optical transparency in a self‐healable polyimide network. The DDA segment further introduces controlled chain flexibility, lowers the effective healing barrier, and improves segmental mobility required for dynamic disulfide exchange. As a result, the optimized film achieved over 95% transmittance above 650 nm, thermal healing within 4 min at 150°C, and only a 7.8% loss in toughness after healing. DFT/TD‐DFT analyses confirmed that ISSDA suppresses and blueshifts the near‐UV electronic transitions relevant to visible transparency, while WAXD analysis revealed enlarged interchain d‐spacing and increased amorphous packing. This study provides a bio‐derived and structurally tunable route to transparent, tough, and rapidly self‐healable engineering polyimides.
SN  - 1613-6810
SN  - 1613-6829
ER  -