Engineering adaptive polysaccharide biomaterials: integrated biotechnology framework for regenerative medicine
5 affiliations
- 1Biofuels Institute, School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University
- 2Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University
- 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University
- 4Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna
- 5Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are versatile building blocks for regenerative biomaterials because of their structural diversity, generally favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability, chemical tunability, and capacity for biologically relevant interactions. Advances in biotechnology and materials engineering have expanded their role from primarily structural matrices to multifunctional platforms that can influence cellular, immune, and biochemical processes during tissue repair. This review presents an integrated biological engineering framework linking polysaccharide source and molecular architecture with extraction and purification, chemical functionalization, crosslinking, advanced fabrication, biological recognition, and translational performance. Particular emphasis is placed on structure–function relationships, stereospecific glycan–receptor interactions, immune-instructive biomaterials, protein-mediated cell–material interactions, microbiome-responsive systems, and emerging artificial intelligence-assisted approaches for biomaterial design. The importance of material purity is also critically considered, particularly the potential for residual endotoxin contamination to confound interpretation of immunomodulatory responses and compromise reproducibility. Representative applications in skin, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, neural, and other regenerative systems illustrate how material composition, scaffold architecture, biofunctionalization, and manufacturing strategy collectively influence biological performance. Finally, challenges associated with scalable manufacturing, batch-to-batch reproducibility, sterilization, storage stability, quality control, regulatory translation, and clinical implementation are examined. By integrating molecular design, biological mechanisms, fabrication, and translational requirements, this review provides engineering principles for the development of adaptive polysaccharide biomaterials and identifies priorities for advancing reproducible and clinically translatable regenerative technologies.
Related
- Advancing regenerative biomaterials and translational strategies in orthopaedic traumatology.
- Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials: Chemical Design and Advanced Dressings for Diabetic Chronic Wound Repair.
- Hyaluronic Acid-Based Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering: From Molecular Properties to Re-Generative Applications
- Functional Polymer-Based Biomaterials for Corneal Tissue Engineering: An Indication-Guided Review of Design Trade-Offs
- Intelligence-enabled smart inhalable biomaterials for chronic inflammatory airway diseases: integrating responsive carrier engineering, lung-on-chip validation, and patient-specific pulmonary modeling
BibTeX
@article{ali2026engineering,
title = {{Engineering adaptive polysaccharide biomaterials: integrated biotechnology framework for regenerative medicine}},
author = {Sameh S. Ali and Kashif Khan and Hend Elkahlawy Hassan and Asmaa Ali and Fatma Abd El Aziz and Michael Schagerl and Abd El-Raheem El-Shanshoury and Mahran Mohamed Abd El-Emam},
journal = {Journal of Biological Engineering},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1186/s13036-026-00786-y},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-026-00786-y},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Engineering adaptive polysaccharide biomaterials: integrated biotechnology framework for regenerative medicine
AU - Sameh S. Ali
AU - Kashif Khan
AU - Hend Elkahlawy Hassan
AU - Asmaa Ali
AU - Fatma Abd El Aziz
AU - Michael Schagerl
AU - Abd El-Raheem El-Shanshoury
AU - Mahran Mohamed Abd El-Emam
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/25
JO - Journal of Biological Engineering
DO - 10.1186/s13036-026-00786-y
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-026-00786-y
AB - Natural polysaccharides are versatile building blocks for regenerative biomaterials because of their structural diversity, generally favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability, chemical tunability, and capacity for biologically relevant interactions. Advances in biotechnology and materials engineering have expanded their role from primarily structural matrices to multifunctional platforms that can influence cellular, immune, and biochemical processes during tissue repair. This review presents an integrated biological engineering framework linking polysaccharide source and molecular architecture with extraction and purification, chemical functionalization, crosslinking, advanced fabrication, biological recognition, and translational performance. Particular emphasis is placed on structure–function relationships, stereospecific glycan–receptor interactions, immune-instructive biomaterials, protein-mediated cell–material interactions, microbiome-responsive systems, and emerging artificial intelligence-assisted approaches for biomaterial design. The importance of material purity is also critically considered, particularly the potential for residual endotoxin contamination to confound interpretation of immunomodulatory responses and compromise reproducibility. Representative applications in skin, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, neural, and other regenerative systems illustrate how material composition, scaffold architecture, biofunctionalization, and manufacturing strategy collectively influence biological performance. Finally, challenges associated with scalable manufacturing, batch-to-batch reproducibility, sterilization, storage stability, quality control, regulatory translation, and clinical implementation are examined. By integrating molecular design, biological mechanisms, fabrication, and translational requirements, this review provides engineering principles for the development of adaptive polysaccharide biomaterials and identifies priorities for advancing reproducible and clinically translatable regenerative technologies.
SN - 1754-1611
ER -