Vapor-Phase Synthesis of Ti2CCl2 MXene.
4 affiliations
- 1A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States.
- 2School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-Ro 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do16419, Republic of Korea.
- 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States.
- 4Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Nagaokakyo-shi, Kyoto617-8555, Japan.
Abstract
The vapor-phase synthesis can produce 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) from abundant precursors, bypassing MAX phase synthesis. However, little progress was made after the initial report by Talapin's group on the chemical vapor deposition of MXenes on titanium foil, as the growth mechanisms remained poorly understood. Here, a scalable vapor-phase synthesis of high-quality Ti2CCl2 MXene from Ti, TiCl4, and CH4 is demonstrated, and the key features of the growth mechanism are elucidated. Increasing the Ti surface area while confining the reaction volume enables vapor-phase formation of Ti2CCl2 on quartz substrates. Supersaturation of TiCl2 increases gas-phase collision frequency, promoting nucleation and subsequent growth of 2D MXene flakes. The as-synthesized lamellae self-organize into spherulites with diverse morphologies, forming a porous nanocrystal network consistent with the gas-to-solid process. The continuous lateral growth into larger flakes is observed as synthesis time increases, suggesting the feasibility of wafer-scale synthesis. This study provides a practical synthesis route for Ti2CCl2 MXenes, accelerating MXene research and applications in quantum technology, optics, and electronics, where 2D crystals with low defect density are required.
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BibTeX
@article{kim2026vaporphase,
title = {{Vapor-Phase Synthesis of Ti2CCl2 MXene.}},
author = {Hyunho Kim and Jongyoun Kim and Teng Zhang and Swarnendu Das and Yasunori Hioki and Eric A Stach and Yury Gogotsi},
journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1021/jacs.6c10774},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42913527},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Vapor-Phase Synthesis of Ti2CCl2 MXene.
AU - Hyunho Kim
AU - Jongyoun Kim
AU - Teng Zhang
AU - Swarnendu Das
AU - Yasunori Hioki
AU - Eric A Stach
AU - Yury Gogotsi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Journal of the American Chemical Society
DO - 10.1021/jacs.6c10774
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42913527
AB - The vapor-phase synthesis can produce 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) from abundant precursors, bypassing MAX phase synthesis. However, little progress was made after the initial report by Talapin's group on the chemical vapor deposition of MXenes on titanium foil, as the growth mechanisms remained poorly understood. Here, a scalable vapor-phase synthesis of high-quality Ti2CCl2 MXene from Ti, TiCl4, and CH4 is demonstrated, and the key features of the growth mechanism are elucidated. Increasing the Ti surface area while confining the reaction volume enables vapor-phase formation of Ti2CCl2 on quartz substrates. Supersaturation of TiCl2 increases gas-phase collision frequency, promoting nucleation and subsequent growth of 2D MXene flakes. The as-synthesized lamellae self-organize into spherulites with diverse morphologies, forming a porous nanocrystal network consistent with the gas-to-solid process. The continuous lateral growth into larger flakes is observed as synthesis time increases, suggesting the feasibility of wafer-scale synthesis. This study provides a practical synthesis route for Ti2CCl2 MXenes, accelerating MXene research and applications in quantum technology, optics, and electronics, where 2D crystals with low defect density are required.
SN - 0002-7863
SN - 1520-5126
ER -