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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDBMC cancer

Single-cell analysis reveals the potential immunoregulatory role of C3 + malignant cell subpopulations in dedifferentiated liposarcoma.

  • Shengyun Hu1,2
  • Yatong Dang1,2
  • Baojing Tuo1,2
  • Senbo Liu1,2
  • Zhiyong Zhang1
  • Lin Gan1,3
  • Xiaoqing Gao4
  • Mengmeng Xiao5
  • Junhong Hu6
  • Zhenqiang Sun7,8
8 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
  2. 2Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
  3. 3Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
  4. 4Day Surgery Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
  5. 5Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China. [email protected].
  6. 6Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. [email protected].
  7. 7Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. [email protected].
  8. 8Institute of Interconnected Intelligent Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. [email protected].
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Abstract

Background

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS), a rare disease with limited research, exhibits resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Few reports have analyzed the tumor microenvironment of retroperitoneal undifferentiated liposarcoma using single-cell sequencing.Methods

Single-cell analysis of three retroperitoneal DDLPS cases characterized the cellular and immune microenvironment.Results

Our findings reveal significant heterogeneity among malignant cells in DDLPS, with chromosome 6 deletions being prevalent across malignant cell subpopulations and potentially linked to reduced immunogenicity based on pathway analyses. Notably, the coexistence of CD8 + T cell exhaustion and cytotoxicity reflects a continuum of exhaustion transition. Moreover, we identify a C3 + malignant cell subpopulation with ECM remodeling, angiogenesis, and activated complement pathway. Further exploration suggested that C3 + malignant cells may recruit IL2RA+ regulatory T cells and SPP1 + macrophages through the C3-C3aR1 axis.Conclusion

Our findings provide new insights into the application of immunotherapy in sarcoma.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{hu2026singlecell,
  title = {{Single-cell analysis reveals the potential immunoregulatory role of C3 + malignant cell subpopulations in dedifferentiated liposarcoma.}},
  author = {Shengyun Hu and Yatong Dang and Baojing Tuo and Senbo Liu and Zhiyong Zhang and Lin Gan and Xiaoqing Gao and Mengmeng Xiao and Junhong Hu and Zhenqiang Sun},
  journal = {BMC cancer},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.1186/s12885-026-16750-4},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42926214},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Single-cell analysis reveals the potential immunoregulatory role of C3 + malignant cell subpopulations in dedifferentiated liposarcoma.
AU  - Shengyun Hu
AU  - Yatong Dang
AU  - Baojing Tuo
AU  - Senbo Liu
AU  - Zhiyong Zhang
AU  - Lin Gan
AU  - Xiaoqing Gao
AU  - Mengmeng Xiao
AU  - Junhong Hu
AU  - Zhenqiang Sun
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/01
JO  - BMC cancer
DO  - 10.1186/s12885-026-16750-4
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42926214
AB  - Background  Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS), a rare disease with limited research, exhibits resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Few reports have analyzed the tumor microenvironment of retroperitoneal undifferentiated liposarcoma using single-cell sequencing.Methods  Single-cell analysis of three retroperitoneal DDLPS cases characterized the cellular and immune microenvironment.Results  Our findings reveal significant heterogeneity among malignant cells in DDLPS, with chromosome 6 deletions being prevalent across malignant cell subpopulations and potentially linked to reduced immunogenicity based on pathway analyses. Notably, the coexistence of CD8 + T cell exhaustion and cytotoxicity reflects a continuum of exhaustion transition. Moreover, we identify a C3 + malignant cell subpopulation with ECM remodeling, angiogenesis, and activated complement pathway. Further exploration suggested that C3 + malignant cells may recruit IL2RA+ regulatory T cells and SPP1 + macrophages through the C3-C3aR1 axis.Conclusion  Our findings provide new insights into the application of immunotherapy in sarcoma.
SN  - 1471-2407
ER  -