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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Polymers

Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization of Silk and PGLA Dental Sutures Following Humic-Acid-Containing Surface Treatment

  • Aysun Akpınar1
  • Halil Çelik2
  • Mehmet Kılınç3
  • Zeynep Ceren Çelik4
  • Ali Merdji5,6
  • Sandipan Roy7
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16120, Turkey
  2. 2Department of Oral and Dental Health, Vocational School of HealthCare Services, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
  3. 3Department of Textile and Fashion, Şebinkarahisar School of Applied Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun 28400, Turkey
  4. 4Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16120, Turkey
  5. 5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science & Technology, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
  6. 6Laboratory of Mechanics Physics of Materials (LMPM), Faculty of Technology, University Djillali Liabés of Sidi Bel-Abbés, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000, Algeria
  7. 7Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
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Abstract

Surface coating may influence the physicochemical and mechanical properties of surgical sutures. This study was conducted to characterize the changes associated with a humic-acid-containing alginate coating applied to silk and poly(glycolide-co-lactide) (PGLA) sutures in two sizes (3-0 and 4-0). Untreated sutures served as controls. Surface-related spectral changes were examined using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while mechanical properties were evaluated via tensile testing in accordance with EN ISO 2062. Maximum tensile force and elongation at break were recorded. FTIR analysis revealed changes in the intensity and breadth of selected absorption bands, particularly those associated with O–H and C=O groups, after the coating was applied. These findings indicated treatment-associated spectral changes but did not independently confirm humic acid incorporation or coating stability. The maximum tensile force was lower in treated silk sutures than in untreated controls for both size 3-0 (22.6 ± 3.68 N vs. 17.8 ± 1.35 N; p = 0.140) and size 4-0 (12.8 ± 1.21 N vs. 10.6 ± 2.56 N; p = 0.276), although neither difference was statistically significant. For PGLA sutures, no statistically significant difference was observed for size 3-0 (27.7 ± 2.80 N vs. 27.6 ± 2.56 N; p = 0.966). In contrast, the size 4-0 PGLA sutures exhibited a higher maximum tensile force following treatment (14.2 ± 1.85 N vs. 21.1 ± 2.45 N; p = 0.021). Elongation at break increased in the treated size 3-0 silk sutures (16.0 ± 0.91% vs. 20.3 ± 1.10%; p = 0.007) and decreased in the treated size 4-0 silk sutures (19.3 ± 1.26% vs. 14.8 ± 1.75%; p = 0.027). No statistically significant differences in elongation were found for size 3-0 PGLA (32.1 ± 1.16% vs. 28.4 ± 2.21%; p = 0.082) or size 4-0 PGLA sutures (31.4 ± 1.88% vs. 30.8 ± 1.24%; p = 0.672). These preliminary findings indicate that the humic-acid-containing alginate coating procedure was associated with spectral changes and different mechanical responses in silk and PGLA sutures.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{akpınar2026physicochemical,
  title = {{Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization of Silk and PGLA Dental Sutures Following Humic-Acid-Containing Surface Treatment}},
  author = {Aysun Akpınar and Halil Çelik and Mehmet Kılınç and Zeynep Ceren Çelik and Ali Merdji and Sandipan Roy},
  journal = {Polymers},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/polym18212676},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2676},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization of Silk and PGLA Dental Sutures Following Humic-Acid-Containing Surface Treatment
AU  - Aysun Akpınar
AU  - Halil Çelik
AU  - Mehmet Kılınç
AU  - Zeynep Ceren Çelik
AU  - Ali Merdji
AU  - Sandipan Roy
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/28
JO  - Polymers
DO  - 10.3390/polym18212676
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2676
AB  - Surface coating may influence the physicochemical and mechanical properties of surgical sutures. This study was conducted to characterize the changes associated with a humic-acid-containing alginate coating applied to silk and poly(glycolide-co-lactide) (PGLA) sutures in two sizes (3-0 and 4-0). Untreated sutures served as controls. Surface-related spectral changes were examined using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while mechanical properties were evaluated via tensile testing in accordance with EN ISO 2062. Maximum tensile force and elongation at break were recorded. FTIR analysis revealed changes in the intensity and breadth of selected absorption bands, particularly those associated with O–H and C=O groups, after the coating was applied. These findings indicated treatment-associated spectral changes but did not independently confirm humic acid incorporation or coating stability. The maximum tensile force was lower in treated silk sutures than in untreated controls for both size 3-0 (22.6 ± 3.68 N vs. 17.8 ± 1.35 N; p = 0.140) and size 4-0 (12.8 ± 1.21 N vs. 10.6 ± 2.56 N; p = 0.276), although neither difference was statistically significant. For PGLA sutures, no statistically significant difference was observed for size 3-0 (27.7 ± 2.80 N vs. 27.6 ± 2.56 N; p = 0.966). In contrast, the size 4-0 PGLA sutures exhibited a higher maximum tensile force following treatment (14.2 ± 1.85 N vs. 21.1 ± 2.45 N; p = 0.021). Elongation at break increased in the treated size 3-0 silk sutures (16.0 ± 0.91% vs. 20.3 ± 1.10%; p = 0.007) and decreased in the treated size 4-0 silk sutures (19.3 ± 1.26% vs. 14.8 ± 1.75%; p = 0.027). No statistically significant differences in elongation were found for size 3-0 PGLA (32.1 ± 1.16% vs. 28.4 ± 2.21%; p = 0.082) or size 4-0 PGLA sutures (31.4 ± 1.88% vs. 30.8 ± 1.24%; p = 0.672). These preliminary findings indicate that the humic-acid-containing alginate coating procedure was associated with spectral changes and different mechanical responses in silk and PGLA sutures.
SN  - 2073-4360
ER  -