Holographic Dark Energy with Hubble Radius as an Infrared Cutoff in Einstein-Cartan Gravity
Abstract
In this work, we investigate non-interacting holographic dark energy (HDE) with the Hubble radius as the infrared cutoff in Einstein-Cartan gravity. We derive the Einstein-Cartan equations from the action principle and obtain Friedmann-like equations by introducing a torsion scalar. Considering a Weyssenhoff spin fluid, we determine the scaling behavior of the torsion scalar as Φ∼ a−3 without introducing an ad hoc ansatz, resolving the ansatz problem of previous torsion scalar scenarios. In the absence of interactions between dark matter and dark energy, the torsion scalar shifts the equation of state for holographic dark energy toward negative values from the dust-like value obtained in HDE without torsion, making cosmic acceleration possible. In particular, the resulting equation of state can approach ωX ≃ −1 and cross the phantom divide within the weak torsion regime |Φ/H| < 1. The model predicts a dynamical equation of state in which cosmic acceleration gradually weakens, potentially consistent with recent DESI observations. In spacetimes with torsion, the cosmic distance duality relation between the luminosity distance dL and the angular diameter distance dA is modified as dL = dA (1+z)2 (1+η). In the presence of the torsion scalar, we show that the standard relation between redshift and the scale factor is preserved, while the deviation parameter arising from torsion effects is determined as η∼ ∫tStO dt a−3, where tS and tO denote the emission time at the source and the observation time at the observer, respectively. Overall, our results support the feasibility of the model and provide a theoretical framework for preparing likelihood analyses.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{yun2026holographic,
title = {{Holographic Dark Energy with Hubble Radius as an Infrared Cutoff in Einstein-Cartan Gravity}},
author = {Yongjun Yun and Jungjai Lee},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.22143},
eprint = {2605.22143},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.22143},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Holographic Dark Energy with Hubble Radius as an Infrared Cutoff in Einstein-Cartan Gravity
AU - Yongjun Yun
AU - Jungjai Lee
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/29
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.22143
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.22143
AB - In this work, we investigate non-interacting holographic dark energy (HDE) with the Hubble radius as the infrared cutoff in Einstein-Cartan gravity. We derive the Einstein-Cartan equations from the action principle and obtain Friedmann-like equations by introducing a torsion scalar. Considering a Weyssenhoff spin fluid, we determine the scaling behavior of the torsion scalar as Φ∼ a^−3 without introducing an ad hoc ansatz, resolving the ansatz problem of previous torsion scalar scenarios. In the absence of interactions between dark matter and dark energy, the torsion scalar shifts the equation of state for holographic dark energy toward negative values from the dust-like value obtained in HDE without torsion, making cosmic acceleration possible. In particular, the resulting equation of state can approach ω_X ≃ −1 and cross the phantom divide within the weak torsion regime |Φ/H| < 1. The model predicts a dynamical equation of state in which cosmic acceleration gradually weakens, potentially consistent with recent DESI observations. In spacetimes with torsion, the cosmic distance duality relation between the luminosity distance d_L and the angular diameter distance d_A is modified as d_L = d_A (1+z)^2 (1+η). In the presence of the torsion scalar, we show that the standard relation between redshift and the scale factor is preserved, while the deviation parameter arising from torsion effects is determined as η∼ ∫_t_S^t_O dt a^−3, where t_S and t_O denote the emission time at the source and the observation time at the observer, respectively. Overall, our results support the feasibility of the model and provide a theoretical framework for preparing likelihood analyses.
ER -