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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDBBA advances

Three-dimensional PCL/collagen electrospun scaffolds with enlarged pores promote cell infiltration for vascular tissue engineering.

  • Xiaoxuan Zhu1,2
  • Huiling Lin1,2
  • Yuxin Li1,2
  • Yan Yang1,2
  • Yingxin Chang1,2
  • Xiong Guo2,3
  • Mingshi Yang1,2,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road No. 103, Shenyang, 110016, China.
  2. 2Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, China.
  3. 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
  4. 4Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.
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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading threats to human health. Owing to the limited availability of autologous vessels, the demand for vascular graft substitutes continues to rise. The design of tissue-engineered scaffolds that mimic the composition and architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and facilitate vascular remodeling has become a major research focus in artificial blood vessel development. In this study, we investigated how the surface chemical and physical properties of vascular scaffolds influence cellular behavior. Polycaprolactone/collagen (PCL/Col) composite scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning. The results demonstrated that the hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of the fiber surface significantly affected cell adhesion and proliferation, with collagen incorporation markedly reducing the inherent hydrophobicity of PCL. In addition to chemical properties, the physical topographical cues were also evaluated. To overcome the small pore size typically associated with electrospun membranes, a three-dimensional PCL/Col fibrous scaffold was successfully constructed using a sodium borohydride gas-foaming method. This gas-foaming technique proved to be a simple and efficient approach to enlarging the pore size, thereby promoting cell infiltration, and holds promise as a practical method for preparing vascular basal layer scaffolds.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhu2026threedimensional,
  title = {{Three-dimensional PCL/collagen electrospun scaffolds with enlarged pores promote cell infiltration for vascular tissue engineering.}},
  author = {Xiaoxuan Zhu and Huiling Lin and Yuxin Li and Yan Yang and Yingxin Chang and Xiong Guo and Mingshi Yang},
  journal = {BBA advances},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1016/j.bbadva.2026.100204},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898048},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three-dimensional PCL/collagen electrospun scaffolds with enlarged pores promote cell infiltration for vascular tissue engineering.
AU  - Xiaoxuan Zhu
AU  - Huiling Lin
AU  - Yuxin Li
AU  - Yan Yang
AU  - Yingxin Chang
AU  - Xiong Guo
AU  - Mingshi Yang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/29
JO  - BBA advances
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbadva.2026.100204
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898048
AB  - Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading threats to human health. Owing to the limited availability of autologous vessels, the demand for vascular graft substitutes continues to rise. The design of tissue-engineered scaffolds that mimic the composition and architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and facilitate vascular remodeling has become a major research focus in artificial blood vessel development. In this study, we investigated how the surface chemical and physical properties of vascular scaffolds influence cellular behavior. Polycaprolactone/collagen (PCL/Col) composite scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning. The results demonstrated that the hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of the fiber surface significantly affected cell adhesion and proliferation, with collagen incorporation markedly reducing the inherent hydrophobicity of PCL. In addition to chemical properties, the physical topographical cues were also evaluated. To overcome the small pore size typically associated with electrospun membranes, a three-dimensional PCL/Col fibrous scaffold was successfully constructed using a sodium borohydride gas-foaming method. This gas-foaming technique proved to be a simple and efficient approach to enlarging the pore size, thereby promoting cell infiltration, and holds promise as a practical method for preparing vascular basal layer scaffolds.
SN  - 2667-1603
ER  -